arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1604.01320astro-ph.EP
收藏

系外行星大气的特征:从光变曲线观测到辐射转移模拟

Characterizing Exoplanet Atmospheres: From Light-curve Observations to Radiative-transfer Modeling

Patricio E. Cubillos

摘要:

多波长凌日和二次日食光变曲线观测是探测系外行星热化学性质的一些最有力的技术。虽然行星与恒星的亮度对比度很大,可用的光谱带很少,产生的数据信噪比很低,但贝叶斯方法可以鲁棒地揭示我们可以设置哪些约束,而不会过度解释数据。在这里,我对过境系外行星数据进行了端到端的分析。我分析了三颗行星的太空望远镜数据,以描述它们的大气层并改进它们的轨道,研究了相关的噪声估计器,并为各自的数据分析管道的开发做出了贡献。第2章和第3章描述了用于轨道、轨道和凌日的测光(POET)管道,以模拟斯皮策太空望远镜的光变曲线,应用于天文学家大小的行星WASP-8b和TrES-1的二次日食观测。第4章研究了常用的相关噪声估计的系外行星光变曲线建模,时间平均,残差排列,小波似然,并评估其适用性和局限性估计参数的不确定性。第5章介绍了用于描述系外行星大气特征的开源贝叶斯大气辐射转移(BART)代码。BART结合了热化学平衡代码、一维逐行辐射转移代码和多核马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗统计模块,以约束系外行星的大气温度和化学丰度分布。我将BART代码应用于哈勃和斯皮策太空望远镜对海王星大小的行星HAT-P-11b的过境观测。BART发现大气中的重元素含量增加,将水的丰度限制在太阳丰度的100倍左右。

英文摘要:

Multi-wavelength transit and secondary-eclipse light-curve observations are some of the most powerful techniques to probe the thermo-chemical properties of exoplanets. Although the large planet-to-star brightness contrast and few available spectral bands produce data with low signal-to-noise ratios, a Bayesian approach can robustly reveal what constraints we can set, without over-interpreting the data. Here I performed an end-to-end analysis of transiting exoplanet data. I analyzed space-telescope data for three planets to characterize their atmospheres and refine their orbits, investigated correlated noise estimators, and contributed to the development of the respective data-analysis pipelines. Chapters 2 and 3 describe the Photometry for Orbits, Eclipses and Transits (POET) pipeline to model Spitzer Space Telescope light curves, applied to secondary-eclipse observations of the Jupiter-sized planets WASP-8b and TrES-1. Chapter 4 studies commonly used correlated-noise estimators for exoplanet light-curve modeling, time averaging, residual permutations, and wavelet likelihood, and assesses their applicability and limitations to estimate parameters uncertainties. Chapter 5 describes the open-source Bayesian Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (BART) code to characterize exoplanet atmospheres. BART combines a thermochemical-equilibrium code, a one-dimensional line-by-line radiative-transfer code, and the Multi-core Markov-chain Monte Carlo statistical module to constrains the atmospheric temperature and chemical-abundance profiles of exoplanets. I applied the BART code to the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescope transit observations of the Neptune-sized planet HAT-P-11b. BART finds an atmosphere enhanced in heavy elements, constraining the water abundance to ~100 times that of the solar abundance.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑