Exoplanet atmospheres: a brand-new and rapidly expanding research field

Atmosphere expansion and mass loss of close-orbit giant exoplanets heated by stellar XUV: I. Modeling of hydrodynamic escape of upper atmospheric material

In the present series of papers we propose a consistent description of the mass loss process. To study the effects of intrinsic magnetic field of a close-orbit giant exoplanet (so-called Hot Jupiter) on the atmospheric material escape and formation of planetary inner magnetosphere in a comprehensive way, we start with a hydrodynamic model of an upper atmosphere expansion presented in this paper. While considering a simple hydrogen atmosphere model, we focus on selfconsistent inclusion of the effects of radiative heating and ionization of the atmospheric gas with its consequent expansion in the…

ASTER -- 用于系外行星研究的代理科学工具包

ASTER -- Agentic Science Toolkit for Exoplanet Research

ASTER通过整合AI代理与领域专用工具，为系外行星大气分析提供统一平台，支持多步骤数据处理和检索任务。

NIGHT：一台用于巡天系外行星系统中氦的紧凑型近红外高分辨率光谱仪

NIGHT: a compact, near-infrared, high-resolution spectrograph to survey helium in exoplanet systems

本文提出NIGHT近红外高分辨率光谱仪，通过巡天监测1083nm氦三重线吸收，以低成本设计系统研究系外行星大气逃逸，并扩大蒸发大气行星样本。

Hot Exoplanet Atmospheres Resolved with Transit Spectroscopy (HEARTS) III. Atmospheric structure of the misaligned ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b

Ultra-hot Jupiters offer interesting prospects for expanding our theories on dynamical evolution and the properties of extremely irradiated atmospheres. In this context, we present the analysis of new optical spectroscopy for the transiting ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b. We first refine the orbital properties of WASP-121b, which is on a nearly polar (obliquity $ψ^{\rm North}$=88.1$\pm$0.25$^{\circ}$ or $ψ^{\rm South}$=91.11$\pm$0.20$^{\circ}$) orbit, and exclude a high differential rotation for its fast-rotating (P$<$1.13 days), highly inclined ($i_\mathrm{\star}^{\rm North}$=8.1$\stackrel{+3.0}…

Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth $ν^2$ Lupi d with $CHEOPS$

Exoplanets transiting bright nearby stars are key objects for advancing our knowledge of planetary formation and evolution. The wealth of photons from the host star gives detailed access to the atmospheric, interior, and orbital properties of the planetary companions. $ν^2$ Lupi (HD 136352) is a naked-eye ($V = 5.78$) Sun-like star that was discovered to host three low-mass planets with orbital periods of 11.6, 27.6, and 107.6 days via radial velocity monitoring (Udry et al. 2019). The two inner planets (b and c) were recently found to transit (Kane et al. 2020), prompting a photometric follow…

Design of an IR Imaging Channel for the Keck Observatory SCALES Instrument

A next-generation instrument named, Slicer Combined with Array of Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy (SCALES), is being planned for the W. M. Keck Observatory. SCALES will have an integral field spectrograph (IFS) and a diffraction-limited imaging channel to discover and spectrally characterize the directly imaged exoplanets. Operating at thermal infrared wavelengths (1-5 micron, and a goal of 0.6-5 micron), the imaging channel of the SCALES is designed to cover a 12"x 12" field of view with low distortions and high throughput. Apart from expanding the mid-infrared science cases and providing…

The GAPS Programme at TNG. XXIX. No detection of reflected light from 51 Peg b using optical high-resolution spectroscopy

The analysis of exoplanetary atmospheres by means of high-resolution spectroscopy is an expanding research field which provides information on chemical composition, thermal structure, atmospheric dynamics and orbital velocity of exoplanets. In this work, we aim at the detection of the light reflected by the exoplanet 51~Peg~b employing optical high-resolution spectroscopy. To detect the light reflected by the planetary dayside we use optical HARPS and HARPS-N spectra taken near the superior conjunction of the planet, when the flux contrast between the planet and the star is maximum. To search …

利用双星相对天体测量法寻找宜居系外行星：基于微角秒天体测量检索算法（MARA）的行星探测与表征

Finding Habitable Exoplanets with Binary Relative Astrometry: Planet Detection and Characterization with the Microarcsecond Astrometric Retrieval Algorithm (MARA)

本研究提出专为双星相对天体测量数据设计的MARA算法，通过模拟测试表明其可探测半人马座α星A宜居带内质量低至0.5个地球质量的岩质行星，结果与理论预测一致，为相关任务的人口统计学研究提供关键依据。

Atmospheric characterization of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-33b: Detection of Ti and V emission lines and retrieval of a broadened line profile

Ultra-hot Jupiters are highly irradiated gas giant exoplanets on close-in orbits around their host stars. We analyzed high-resolution spectra from CARMENES, HARPS-N, and ESPaDOnS taken over eight observation nights to study the emission spectrum of WASP-33b and draw conclusions about its atmosphere. By applying the cross-correlation technique, we detected the spectral signatures of Ti I, V I, and a tentative signal of Ti II for the first time via emission spectroscopy. These detections are an important finding because of the fundamental role of Ti- and V-bearing species in the planetary energy…

Hubble PanCET: An extended upper atmosphere of neutral hydrogen around the warm Neptune GJ 3470 b

GJ 3470b is a warm Neptune transiting an M-dwarf star at the edge of the evaporation desert. It offers the possibility of investigating how low-mass, close-in exoplanets evolve under the irradiation from their host stars. We observed three transits of GJ 3470b in the Lyman-alpha line with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) as part of the Panchromatic Comparative Exoplanet Treasury (PanCET) program. Absorption signatures are detected with similar properties in all three independent epochs, with absorption depths of 35+-7% in the blue wing of the line, and 23+-5% in the red wing. The repeatability…

WEAVE-TwiLight-Survey：通过一种新型观测模式扩展WEAVE对明亮和低表面密度目标的观测范围

The WEAVE-TwiLight-Survey: Expanding WEAVE's Reach to Bright and Low-Surface-Density Targets with a Novel Observing Mode

WEAVE-TwiLight-Survey通过新型观测模式高效观测低表面密度目标，生成约6300颗明亮恒星的目录，为行星形成化学研究奠定基础。