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arXiv 1603.07623astro-ph.HE
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相对论喷流的重子装载效率和粒子加速效率:低光度BL Lac的情况

Baryon Loading Efficiency and Particle Acceleration Efficiency of Relativistic Jets: Cases For Low Luminosity BL Lacs

Yoshiyuki Inoue, Yasuyuki T. Tanaka

摘要:

由超大质量黑洞发射的相对论喷流,即所谓的活动星系核(AGN),被称为宇宙中最具能量的粒子加速器。然而,从吸积流到喷注上的重子装载效率和它们的粒子加速效率一直被神秘所笼罩。利用最新的数据集,采用单区静态同步自康普顿(SSC)模型,对13 TeV γ射线探测到的高频峰值BL Lac(HBLs)的静态谱进行了多波长谱分析。我们确定的最小,冷却中断,和最大的电子洛伦兹因子扩散冲击加速(DSA)理论。我们发现HBLs具有$P_B/P_e\sim6.3\times10^{-3}$和辐射效率$ε_{\rm rad,jet}\sim6.7\times10^{-4}$,其中$P_B$和$P_e$分别是坡印亭和电子功率。假设每个质子有10个轻子,喷流功率与黑洞质量的关系为$P_{\rm jet}/L_{\rm Edd}\sim0.18$,其中$P_{\rm jet}$和$L_{\rm Edd}$分别是喷流功率和爱丁顿光度。在我们的模型假设下,我们进一步发现HBL具有$η_{\rm jet}\sim1.5$的射流产生效率和$ξ_{\rm jet}\gtrsim5\times10^{-2}$的质量负载效率。我们还调查了在耀变体区的粒子加速效率,包括最新的雨燕/BAT数据。我们的样品普遍具有$η_g\sim10^{4.5}$的粒子加速效率,这对于将粒子加速到超高能量宇宙射线(UHECR)区域是低效的。这意味着,UHECR加速网站应该是其他的blazar区的静态低功率AGN喷流,如果一个假设的单区SSC模型的基础上DSA理论。

英文摘要:

Relativistic jets launched by supermassive black holes, so-called as active galactic nuclei (AGNs), are known as the most energetic particle accelerators in the universe. However, the baryon loading efficiency onto the jets from the accretion flows and their particle acceleration efficiencies have been veiled in mystery. With the latest data sets, we perform multi-wavelength spectral analysis of quiescent spectra of 13 TeV gamma-ray detected high-frequency-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) following one-zone static synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) model. We determine the minimum, cooling break, and maximum electron Lorentz factors following the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) theory. We find that HBLs have $P_B/P_e\sim6.3\times10^{-3}$ and the radiative efficiency $ε_{\rm rad,jet}\sim6.7\times10^{-4}$ where $P_B$ and $P_e$ is the Poynting and electron power, respectively. By assuming 10 leptons per one proton, the jet power relates to the black hole mass as $P_{\rm jet}/L_{\rm Edd}\sim0.18$ where $P_{\rm jet}$ and $L_{\rm Edd}$ is the jet power and the Eddington luminosity, respectively. Under our model assumptions, we further find that HBLs have the jet production efficiency of $η_{\rm jet}\sim1.5$ and the mass loading efficiency of $ξ_{\rm jet}\gtrsim5\times10^{-2}$. We also investigate the particle acceleration efficiency in the blazar zone by including the most recent Swift/BAT data. Our samples ubiquitously have the particle acceleration efficiency of $η_g\sim10^{4.5}$, which is inefficient to accelerate particles up to the ultra-high-energy-cosmic-ray (UHECR) regime. This implies that the UHECR acceleration sites should be other than the blazar zones of quiescent low power AGN jets, if one assumes the one-zone SSC model based on the DSA theory.

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