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arXiv 1603.04461astro-ph.HE
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非常快和红色:2015年爆发峰值期间V404 Cyg的亚秒光学耀斑

Furiously Fast and Red: Sub-second Optical Flaring in V404 Cyg during the 2015 Outburst Peak

P. Gandhi, S. P. Littlefair, L. K. Hardy, V. S. Dhillon, T. R. Marsh, A. W. Shaw, D. Altamirano, M. D. Caballero-Garcia, J. Casares, P. Casella, A. J. Castro-Ti… 展开作者

P. Gandhi, S. P. Littlefair, L. K. Hardy, V. S. Dhillon, T. R. Marsh, A. W. Shaw, D. Altamirano, M. D. Caballero-Garcia, J. Casares, P. Casella, A. J. Castro-Tirado, P. A. Charles, Y. Dallilar, S. Eikenberry, R. P. Fender, R. I. Hynes, C. Knigge, E. Kuulkers, K. Mooley, T. Muñoz-Darias, M. Pahari, F. Rahoui, D. M. Russell, J. V. Hernández Santisteban, T. Shahbaz, D. M. Terndrup, J. Tomsick, D. J. Walton

摘要:

我们目前的观测快速(亚秒)光通量变化V404天鹅座在其2015年6月爆发。同时三个波段的观测与ULTRACAM快速成像仪在四个晚上显示陡峭的功率谱占主导地位的缓慢变化约100- 1000秒的时间尺度。在6月26日爆发的高峰附近,发生了一个戏剧性的变化,额外的,持续的亚秒级光学耀斑出现在巨射电和X射线耀斑的时间附近。耀斑的最高光学亮度达到约几个x 10^{36} erg/s。有些是无法分辨的,时间分辨率为24毫秒。快速耀斑在红色时更强,而慢速变化在更亮时更蓝。快速耀斑的红色斜率、发射功率和特征时间尺度可以解释为在~140-500引力半径尺度上产生的致密喷流的光学薄同步辐射(可能还有热粒子分布的贡献)。缓慢变化的起源尚不清楚。的光学连续光谱斜率的强烈影响,由强H{α}发射的dreddening的不确定性和污染,但这些斜率的变化遵循相对稳定的轨迹作为通量的函数。对不同波段之间的缓慢变化进行交叉相关显示了所有夜晚的不对称性,与小的红色偏斜一致(即,红色滞后)。X射线后处理和非热发射都可能导致这些。这些数据揭示了在爆发期间超过50年的时间尺度的复杂成分组合。

英文摘要:

We present observations of rapid (sub-second) optical flux variability in V404 Cyg during its 2015 June outburst. Simultaneous three-band observations with the ULTRACAM fast imager on four nights show steep power spectra dominated by slow variations on ~100-1000s timescales. Near the peak of the outburst on June 26, a dramatic change occurs and additional, persistent sub-second optical flaring appears close in time to giant radio and X-ray flaring. The flares reach peak optical luminosities of ~few x 10^{36} erg/s. Some are unresolved down to a time resolution of 24 milliseconds. Whereas the fast flares are stronger in the red, the slow variations are bluer when brighter. The redder slopes, emitted power, and characteristic timescales of the fast flares can be explained as optically-thin synchrotron emission from a compact jet arising on size scales ~140-500 Gravitational radii (with a possible additional contribution by a thermal particle distribution). The origin of the slower variations is unclear. The optical continuum spectral slopes are strongly affected by dereddening uncertainties and contamination by strong H{alpha} emission, but the variations of these slopes follow relatively stable loci as a function of flux. Cross-correlating the slow variations between the different bands shows asymmetries on all nights consistent with a small red skew (i.e., red lag). X-ray reprocessing and non-thermal emission could both contribute to these. These data reveal a complex mix of components over five decades in timescale during the outburst.

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