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arXiv 1603.00526astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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从尖点到核点:一个随机模型

From cusps to cores: a stochastic model

Amr El-Zant, Jonathan Freundlich, Francoise Combes

摘要:

冷暗物质结构形成模型在星系尺度上面临着明显的问题。一些线索指向过度的光晕浓度,包括中心密度随着半径的减小而急剧上升。然而,气体成分的随机波动可以“加热”晕的中心,降低它们的密度。我们提出了一个理论模型,从第一原理推导出这种效果:在气体密度的随机变化被转换成潜在的波动,作用于暗物质的关联力关联函数计算和相应的随机方程求解。假设一个幂律谱的波动与最大和最小的截止尺度,我们推导出速度色散赋予晕粒子和相关的弛豫时间。我们进一步进行数值模拟,与波动实现为高斯随机场,这证实了一个核心的形成在一个时间尺度内可比的解析推导。非径向集体模式增强能量传输过程,擦除尖点,虽然参数化的分析模型坚持。在我们的模型中,驱动尖核转换的动力学耦合的主要贡献来自最大尺度的波动。然而,转换的效率是独立的最大规模的值,并依赖于弱(线性)的幂律指数;它有效地取决于两个参数:气体的质量分数和归一化的功率谱。这表明,在星系形成的流体动力学模拟中观察到的尖核转换可以用简单的术语来理解和参数化,尽管各种实现的物理和数值复杂性。

英文摘要:

The cold dark matter model of structure formation faces apparent problems on galactic scales. Several threads point to excessive halo concentration, including central densities that rise too steeply with decreasing radius. Yet, random fluctuations in the gaseous component can 'heat' the centres of haloes, decreasing their densities. We present a theoretical model deriving this effect from first principles: stochastic variations in the gas density are converted into potential fluctuations that act on the dark matter; the associated force correlation function is calculated and the corresponding stochastic equation solved. Assuming a power law spectrum of fluctuations with maximal and minimal cutoff scales, we derive the velocity dispersion imparted to the halo particles and the relevant relaxation time. We further perform numerical simulations, with fluctuations realised as a Gaussian random field, which confirm the formation of a core within a timescale comparable to that derived analytically. Non-radial collective modes enhance the energy transport process that erases the cusp, though the parametrisations of the analytical model persist. In our model, the dominant contribution to the dynamical coupling driving the cusp-core transformation comes from the largest scale fluctuations. Yet, the efficiency of the transformation is independent of the value of the largest scale and depends weakly (linearly) on the power law exponent; it effectively depends on two parameters: the gas mass fraction and the normalisation of the power spectrum. This suggests that cusp-core transformations observed in hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy formation may be understood and parametrised in simple terms, the physical and numerical complexities of the various implementations notwithstanding.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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