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arXiv 1602.06743astro-ph.CO
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用QSO哈勃图进行宇宙学检验

Cosmological test with the QSO Hubble diagram

M. Lopez-Corredoira, F. Melia, E. Lusso, G. Risaliti

备注：
Accepted to be published in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
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摘要：

利用类星体紫外光和X射线光度之间的非线性关系，最近在红移0<z<6.5的范围内构造了一个哈勃图（HD）。Ia型SN HD已经提供了一个高精度的宇宙学模型测试，但事实上，类星体的分布远远超出了超新星的范围（z<1.8），原则上为我们提供了一个重要的补充诊断，它在z上的显著更大的杠杆作用可以对距离与红移的关系施加更严格的限制。因此，在本文中，我们对九个不同的宇宙学模型进行了独立的测试，其中六个是膨胀的，而三个是静态的。其中许多是不利的其他种类的观察（包括上述Ia型SNe）。我们希望研究QSO HD是否证实或拒绝这些早期的结论。我们发现其中的四个模型（Einstein-de Sitter宇宙、Milne宇宙、简单疲劳光的静态宇宙和等离子体疲劳光的静态宇宙）在>99% C. L.准稳态模型在>95% C.L.时被排除。剩下的四个模型（Lambda CDM/wCDM、R_h=ct宇宙、Friedmann开放宇宙和静态宇宙（线性哈勃定律））都通过了检验。然而，只有Lambda-CDM/wCDM和$R_{\rm h}=ct$也通过了Alcock-Paczynski（AP）测试。Lambda CDM/wCDM的优化参数为Omega_m=0.20^{+0.24}-0.20}和w_{de} =-1.2 ^{+1.6}-infinity}（暗能量状态方程）。结合AP试验，这些值变为Omega_m=0.38^{+0.20}_{-0.19}和w_{de} =-0.28 ^{+0.52}_{-0.40}。但是，尽管Lambda-CDM/wCDM中参数的这种优化与它们的一致性值产生了一些张力，但$R_{\rm h}=ct$ Universe具有在没有任何自由参数的情况下拟合类星体和AP数据的优势。

英文摘要：

A Hubble diagram (HD) has recently been constructed in the redshift range 0<z<6.5 using a non-linear relation between the ultraviolet and X-ray luminosities of QSOs. The Type Ia SN HD has already provided a high-precision test of cosmological models, but the fact that the QSO distribution extends well beyond the supernova range (z<1.8), in principle provides us with an important complementary diagnostic whose significantly greater leverage in z can impose tighter constraints on the distance versus redshift relationship. In this paper, we therefore perform an independent test of nine different cosmological models, among which six are expanding, while three are static. Many of these are disfavoured by other kinds of observations (including the aforementioned Type Ia SNe). We wish to examine whether the QSO HD confirms or rejects these earlier conclusions. We find that four of these models (Einstein-de Sitter, the Milne universe, the Static Universe with simple tired light and the Static universe with plasma tired light) are excluded at the >99% C.L. The Quasi-Steady State Model is excluded at >95% C.L. The remaining four models (Lambda-CDM/wCDM, the R_h=ct Universe, the Friedmann open universe and a Static universe with a linear Hubble law) all pass the test. However, only Lambda-CDM/wCDM and $R_{\rm h}=ct$ also pass the Alcock-Paczynski (AP) test. The optimized parameters in Lambda-CDM/wCDM are Omega_m=0.20^{+0.24}_{-0.20} and w_{de}=-1.2^{+1.6}_{-infinity} (the dark-energy equation-of-state). Combined with the AP test, these values become Omega_m=0.38^{+0.20}_{-0.19} and w_{de}=-0.28^{+0.52}_{-0.40}. But whereas this optimization of parameters in Lambda-CDM/wCDM creates some tension with their concordance values, the $R_{\rm h}=ct$ Universe has the advantage of fitting the QSO and AP data without any free parameters.

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