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arXiv 1602.01797astro-ph.SR
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造父变星的已分辨伴星:用X射线观测检验候选伴星

Resolved Companions of Cepheids: Testing the Candidates with X-Ray Observations

Nancy Remage Evans, Ignazio Pillitteri, Scott Wolk, Margarita Karovska, Evan Tingle, Edward Guinan, Scott Engle, Howard E. Bond, Gail H. Schaefer, Brian D. Mason

摘要:

我们对14颗具有候选分辨伴星($\geq$ 5 $\arcsec$)的造父变星进行了{ \it XMM-牛顿\/}观测,这些伴星是基于我们早期的{ \it HST\/} WFC 3成像巡天。与场星相比,足够年轻、可以成为造父变星物理伴侣的主序星预计将成为强大的X射线产生者。{ \it XMM-牛顿\/}曝光被设置为基本上检测比光谱类型M0(对应于0.5 $ M_\odot$)更热的所有同伴。我们的绝大多数候选伴星都没有在X射线中被发现,因此不能被确认为年轻的伴星。一个解决的候选人(S~Nor 4)被明确地检测到,但造父变星是一个人口稠密的集群的成员。因此,S~Nor 4可能是星系团的成员,而不是引力束缚的伴星。另外两颗造父变星(S~Mus和R~Cru)有X射线发射,可能是由造父变星或候选分辨伴星产生的。随后的{ \it Chandra}对S Mus的观测表明,X射线位于造父变星/分光双星的位置。R Cru和V659 Cen(也是明亮的X射线)可能有比5 $\arcsec$(本研究的极限)更近的伴星,它们可能是X射线的来源。最后一个X射线探测(V473 Lyr)没有已知的光学伴星,所以主要的嫌疑人是造父变星本身。它是一个独特的造父变星,具有可变的振幅。

英文摘要:

We have made {\it XMM-Newton\/} observations of 14 Galactic Cepheids that have candidate resolved ($\geq$5$\arcsec$) companion stars based on our earlier {\it HST\/} WFC3 imaging survey. Main-sequence stars that are young enough to be physical companions of Cepheids are expected to be strong X-ray producers in contrast to field stars. {\it XMM-Newton\/} exposures were set to detect essentially all companions hotter than spectral type M0 (corresponding to 0.5 $ M_\odot$.) The large majority of our candidate companions were not detected in X-rays, and hence are not confirmed as young companions. One resolved candidate (S~Nor \#4) was unambiguously detected, but the Cepheid is a member of a populous cluster. For this reason, it is likely that S~Nor \#4 is a cluster member rather than a gravitationally bound companion. Two further Cepheids (S~Mus and R~Cru) have X-ray emission that might be produced by either the Cepheid or the candidate resolved companion. A subsequent {\it Chandra} observation of S Mus shows that the X-rays are at the location of the Cepheid/spectroscopic binary. R Cru and also V659 Cen (also X-ray bright) have possible companions closer than 5$\arcsec$ (the limit for this study) which are the likely source of X-rays. One final X-ray detection (V473 Lyr) has no known optical companion, so the prime suspect is the Cepheid itself. It is a unique Cepheid with a variable amplitude.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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