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arXiv 1509.09010gr-qc
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黑洞的离散量子谱

Discrete quantum spectrum of black holes

Kinjalk Lochan, Sumanta Chakraborty

摘要:

霍金辐射的量子起源是黑洞物理学中一个长期存在的难题。半经典地,人们可以认为黑洞发射的辐射光谱看起来非常稀疏,不像热物体所期望的那样。通过一个简单的量子模型证明,量子黑洞将保持离散的轮廓,至少在弱能量区域。然而,有人建议,这种离散性可能是一个人工制品的简单的本征谱的模型考虑。原则上,不同的量子理论可以产生不同的复杂光谱,并使来自黑洞的辐射在跃迁线上足够密集,使它们在剖面上看起来是连续的。我们证明,只要足够大的黑洞在从GR,Lanczos-Lovelock到f(R)引力的任何引力理论中都被称为经典质量面积关系,那么这种来自几何量子化黑洞的希望就不会实现.我们证明了在任何量子描述中,从黑洞发射的最小频率是有界的,是它的质量的倒数。这使得发射只有两种可能性。它可以是非热的,也可以是热的,但温度远大于1/M。

英文摘要:

The quantum genesis of Hawking radiation is a long-standing puzzle in black hole physics. Semi-classically one can argue that the spectrum of radiation emitted by a black hole look very much sparse unlike what is expected from a thermal object. It was demonstrated through a simple quantum model that a quantum black hole will retain a discrete profile, at least in the weak energy regime. However, it was suggested that this discreteness might be an artifact of the simplicity of eigen-spectrum of the model considered. Different quantum theories can, in principle, give rise to different complicated spectra and make the radiation from black hole dense enough in transition lines, to make them look continuous in profile. We show that such a hope from a geometry-quantized black hole is not realized as long as large enough black holes are dubbed with a classical mass area relation in any gravity theory ranging from GR, Lanczos-Lovelock to f(R) gravity. We show that the smallest frequency of emission from black hole in any quantum description, is bounded from below, to be of the order of its inverse mass. That leaves the emission with only two possibilities. It can either be non-thermal, or it can be thermal only with the temperature being much larger than 1/M.

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