arXiv 1509.076972015-09nucl-thhep-lat

有效少核子理论与QCD的匹配

Matching effective few-nucleon theories to QCD

Johannes Kirscher

备注：: 25 pages, revised version with additional figures and discussions
发表信息：: IJMPE, 25, No. 5 (2016) 1641001
DOI：: 10.1142/S0218301316410019

摘要：

从一小组参数和微观概念中出现的复杂宏观现象展示了物理理论的力量和美丽。一个理论将原子核中发现的大量数据和特性与量子色动力学的少量参数和对称性联系起来，按照这个标准，就是异常美丽的。对计算物理学和有效场论长达十年的研究有助于评估夸克质量、强耦合常数和电磁耦合常数足以作为核图表参数的假设。本文通过介绍这一研究的现状，介绍了通过模拟夸克和胶子的构成来预测原子核的方法，以及作为这一基础理论的适当代表的有效场论的发展。虽然迄今为止用格点量子色动力学计算分析的核光谱和电磁响应与一个世纪前引起实验学家兴趣的那些非常相似，但它们也测试了理论理解，这种理解无法指导核先驱，但从那时起发展起来。这种理解被证明是不足的核观测量之间的相关性和它们的基本参数的敏感性。通过回顾从一个有效场论到另一个的过渡，从QCD到pionful手征理论到pionless，最终到团簇理论，我们发现了一些缺陷和概念问题，这些问题在QCD被确定为核景观出现的高能理论之前等待解决。

英文摘要：

The emergence of complex macroscopic phenomena from a small set of parameters and microscopic concepts demonstrates the power and beauty of physical theories. A theory which relates the wealth of data and peculiarities found in nuclei to the small number of parameters and symmetries of quantum chromodynamics is by that standard of exceptional beauty. Decade-long research on computational physics and on effective field theories facilitate the assessment of the presumption that quark masses and strong and electromagnetic coupling constants suffice to parameterize the nuclear chart. By presenting the current status of that enterprise, this article touches the methodology of predicting nuclei by simulating the constituting quarks and gluons and the development of effective field theories as appropriate representations of the fundamental theory. While the nuclear spectra and electromagnetic responses analyzed computationally so far with lattice QCD are in close resemblance to those which intrigued experimentalists a century ago, they also test the theoretical understanding which was unavailable to guide the nuclear pioneers but developed since then. This understanding is shown to be deficient in terms of correlations amongst nuclear observables and their sensitivity to fundamental parameters. By reviewing the transition from one effective field theory to another, from QCD to pionful chiral theories to pionless and eventually to cluster theories, we identify some of those deficiencies and conceptual problems awaiting a solution before QCD can be identified as the high-energy theory from which the nuclear landscape emerges.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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