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arXiv 1509.04871astro-ph.HE
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GRB X射线耀斑的统计研究:发射区普遍存在体加速的证据

A Statistical Study of GRB X-ray Flares: Evidence of Ubiquitous Bulk Acceleration in the Emission Region

Lan-Wei Jia, Z. Lucas Uhm, Bing Zhang

摘要:

当锥形相对论性喷流中的辐射突然停止(或急剧衰减)时,观测到的衰变光曲线受高纬度“曲率效应”控制。最近,Uhm和Zhang发现三个GRB X射线耀斑的衰变斜率比标准模型预测的要陡。这需要大量的加速发射区,这是一致的坡印廷通量为主的外流。本文系统地分析了在63个雨燕伽玛暴中探测到的85个明亮的X射线耀斑样本,研究了这些耀斑陡衰变阶段的时间衰变指数$α$与光谱指数$β$之间的关系。$α$值取决于零时间点$t_0$的选择。我们采用两种方法。“方法I”以$t_0^I$作为每次耀斑的第一个上升数据点,是最保守的方法。我们发现,在99.9%的条件水平上,56/85耀斑的衰变斜率比最简单的曲率效应预测更陡,因此,处于加速状态。“方法二”将每次耀斑的上升光变曲线向后外推,直到通量密度比峰值通量密度低三个数量级,并将相应的时间定义为时间零点(t_0 ^II)。我们发现,在99.9%的条件水平上,74/85的耀斑都属于加速区。这表明,体加速是常见的,甚至可能是无处不在的X射线耀斑,指向坡印廷通量占主导地位的喷流成分,这些事件。

英文摘要:

When emission in a conical relativistic jet ceases abruptly (or decays sharply), the observed decay light curve is controlled by the high-latitude "curvature effect". Recently, Uhm & Zhang found that the decay slopes of three GRB X-ray flares are steeper than what the standard model predicts. This requires bulk acceleration of the emission region, which is consistent with a Poynting-flux-dominated outflow. In this paper, we systematically analyze a sample of 85 bright X-ray flares detected in 63 Swift GRBs, and investigate the relationship between the temporal decay index $α$ and spectral index $β$ during the steep decay phase of these flares. The $α$ value depends on the choice of the zero time point $t_0$. We adopt two methods. "Method I" takes $t_0^I$ as the first rising data point of each flare, and is the most conservative approach. We find that at 99.9% condifence level 56/85 flares have decay slopes steeper than the simplest curvature effect prediction, and therefore, are in the acceleration regime. "Method II" extrapolates the rising light curve of each flare backwards until the flux density is three orders of magnitude lower than the peak flux density, and defines the corresponding time as the time zero point (t_0^II). We find that 74/85 flares fall into the acceleration regime at 99.9% condifence level. This suggests that bulk acceleration is common, may be even ubiquitous among X-ray flares, pointing towards a Poynting-flux-dominated jet composition for these events.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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