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arXiv 1509.04620astro-ph.EP
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迁移到伴星的陷阱:双星中多行星系统的破坏

Migration into a Companion's Trap: Disruption of Multiplanet Systems in Binaries

Jihad R. Touma, S. Sridhar

摘要:

大多数双星中的系外行星系统都是S-型的,由一个或多个行星和一个宽的双星伴星围绕一颗主星运行。一颗单行星受到足够倾斜的双星轨道的引力强迫,会通过Kozai-Lidov(KL)不稳定性引起行星偏心率和倾角的大幅振荡。KL循环被用来解释:大偏心率的行星轨道;家庭的密切-在热彗星;和逆行的行星轨道偏心双星系统。然而,有几种扰动可以淬熄KL不稳定性,通过诱导快速近点岁差,稳定所有倾角的圆形轨道:这些可能是木星-质量行星,一个巨大的残留盘或广义相对论岁差。事实上,多行星S型系统中的相互引力扰动可以足够强,使它们的轨道平面具有一定的动力学刚性。在这里,我们提出了一个新的和更快的过程,这是由这个非常代理抑制KL循环驱动。行星摄动使长期振荡的行星偏心率和倾角,也称为拉普拉斯-拉格朗日(LL)本征模式。与残留的星子盘的相互作用可以使行星迁移,导致LL模式周期的漂移,这可以使一个或多个LL模式与双星轨道运动共振。结果可能是戏剧性的,从激发大偏心率和相互倾斜到完全破坏。不需要特殊的物理或初始条件,双共振驱动是通用的,并可能深刻地改变了许多S型多行星系统的结构。它还可以减弱宽双星的多行星出现率,影响密近双星的行星形成。

英文摘要:

Most exoplanetary systems in binary stars are of S--type, and consist of one or more planets orbiting a primary star with a wide binary stellar companion. Gravitational forcing of a single planet by a sufficiently inclined binary orbit can induce large amplitude oscillations of the planet's eccentricity and inclination through the Kozai-Lidov (KL) instability. KL cycling was invoked to explain: the large eccentricities of planetary orbits; the family of close--in hot Jupiters; and the retrograde planetary orbits in eccentric binary systems. However, several kinds of perturbations can quench the KL instability, by inducing fast periapse precessions which stabilize circular orbits of all inclinations: these could be a Jupiter--mass planet, a massive remnant disc or general relativistic precession. Indeed, mutual gravitational perturbations in multiplanet S--type systems can be strong enough to lend a certain dynamical rigidity to their orbital planes. Here we present a new and faster process that is driven by this very agent inhibiting KL cycling. Planetary perturbations enable secular oscillations of planetary eccentricities and inclinations, also called Laplace--Lagrange (LL) eigenmodes. Interactions with a remnant disc of planetesimals can make planets migrate, causing a drift of LL mode periods which can bring one or more LL modes into resonance with binary orbital motion. The results can be dramatic, ranging from excitation of large eccentricities and mutual inclinations to total disruption. Not requiring special physical or initial conditions, binary resonant driving is generic and could have profoundly altered the architecture of many S--type multiplanet systems. It can also weaken the multiplanet occurrence rate in wide binaries, and affect planet formation in close binaries.

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