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arXiv 1509.01616math.PRmath-phmath.MP
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某些随机游动出口分布的一阶修正

The first order correction to the exit distribution for some random walks

Tom Kennedy

摘要:

我们用Monte Carlo模拟方法研究了几种二维晶格上的三种不同的无规行走模型。一种是通常的最近邻随机游走。另一种是最近邻随机游走,不允许回溯。最后一个模型是智能动能行走。对于所有这三个模型的点的分布,其中步行退出一个单连通域$D$在平面上弱收敛到调和测度$\partial D$作为晶格间距$δ\rightarrow 0$。令$ω(0,|dz|;D)$为$D$的调和测度,令$ω_δ(0,|dz|;D)$为其中一个随机游走模型的离散调和测度。我们对随机游走模型的定义是不寻常的,因为我们平均了晶格相对于域的方向。我们感兴趣的是$(ω_δ(0,|dz|;D)- ω(0,|dz|;D))/δ$的极限。我们的Monte Carlo模拟的三个模型导致的猜想,这个限制等于$c_{M,L} \, ρ_D(z) |dz|$,其中的功能$ρ_D(z)$取决于域,但不依赖于模型或晶格,和常数$c_{M,L}$依赖于模型和晶格,但不依赖于域。所以一阶修正有一种普适性。我们还给出了一个显式的计算密度$ρ_D$的公式。

英文摘要:

We study three different random walk models on several two-dimensional lattices by Monte Carlo simulations. One is the usual nearest neighbor random walk. Another is the nearest neighbor random walk which is not allowed to backtrack. The final model is the smart kinetic walk. For all three of these models the distribution of the point where the walk exits a simply connected domain $D$ in the plane converges weakly to harmonic measure on $\partial D$ as the lattice spacing $δ\rightarrow 0$. Let $ω(0,|dz|;D)$ be harmonic measure for $D$, and let $ω_δ(0,|dz|;D)$ be the discrete harmonic measure for one of the random walk models. Our definition of the random walk models is unusual in that we average over the orientation of the lattice with respect to the domain. We are interested in the limit of $(ω_δ(0,|dz|;D)- ω(0,|dz|;D))/δ$. Our Monte Carlo simulations of the three models lead to the conjecture that this limit equals $c_{M,L} \, ρ_D(z) |dz|$, where the function $ρ_D(z)$ depends on the domain, but not on the model or lattice, and the constant $c_{M,L}$ depends on the model and on the lattice, but not on the domain. So there is a form of universality for this first order correction. We also give an explicit formula for the conjectured density $ρ_D$.

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