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arXiv 1508.07352nucl-thastro-ph.SRnucl-ex
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单个核性质对$r$过程核合成的影响

The impact of individual nuclear properties on $r$-process nucleosynthesis

M. R. Mumpower, R. Surman, G. C. McLaughlin, A. Aprahamian

摘要:

据认为,自然界中发现的重元素丰度的大约一半是由天体物理学的快速中子俘获过程或核合成的“$r$过程”产生的。这个多方面的问题仍然是所有物理学中最大的公开挑战之一。核物理性质的知识,如质量,$β$ -衰变和中子俘获率,以及$β$ -缓发中子发射概率是进入$r$ -过程核合成计算的关键输入。虽然已经确定了接近稳定的核的性质,但关于可能参与$r$过程的远离稳定的丰中子核,仍有许多未知之处。灵敏度研究测量了核物理输入变化的天体物理响应,从而可以分离出最重要的核特性,这些特性决定了在自然界中观察到的最终丰度。本文综述了最近的敏感性研究的程度,并强调了这些研究如何发挥关键作用,促进新的见解$r$过程。这些工具的开发促进了对最先进测量的集中努力,推动了新设施的建设,并将最终推动社区应对`从铁到铀的元素是如何形成的?'.

英文摘要:

The astrophysical rapid neutron capture process or `$r$ process' of nucleosynthesis is believed to be responsible for the production of approximately half the heavy element abundances found in nature. This multifaceted problem remains one of the greatest open challenges in all of physics. Knowledge of nuclear physics properties such as masses, $β$-decay and neutron capture rates, as well as $β$-delayed neutron emission probabilities are critical inputs that go into calculations of $r$-process nucleosynthesis. While properties of nuclei near stability have been established, much still remains unknown regarding neutron-rich nuclei far from stability that may participate in the $r$ process. Sensitivity studies gauge the astrophysical response of a change in nuclear physics input(s) which allows for the isolation of the most important nuclear properties that shape the final abundances observed in nature. This review summarizes the extent of recent sensitivity studies and highlights how these studies play a key role in facilitating new insight into the $r$ process. The development of these tools promotes a focused effort for state-of-the-art measurements, motivates construction of new facilities and will ultimately move the community towards addressing the grand challenge of `How were the elements from iron to uranium made?'.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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