核不确定性对超新星中p-过程核合成的影响
The impact of nuclear uncertainties on the p-process nucleosynthesis in Supernovae
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究核不确定性对超新星中p-过程核合成的影响，通过多种方法量化相关不确定性，发现光中子发射不确定性主导总体预算，主要源于局部参数变化，许多关键反应涉及稳定核可实验获取，为理解该过程提供新认识。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
p-过程负责产生太阳系中观测到的比铁重的稳定缺中子核。然而，重要的核不确定性仍限制我们对该核合成过程的理解。其中最显著的是在超新星条件下用于计算光致蜕变率的核能级密度（NLDs）和光子强度函数（PSFs）。我们研究了影响NLDs和PSFs的模型（系统）和参数（统计）不确定性，并量化它们对Ia型和II型超新星中p-过程核合成的影响。相关模型不确定性通过几种能再现现有实验可观测量的NLD和PSF模型进行估计。不相关参数不确定性用前后向蒙特卡罗方法评估，其中参数变化在传播到缺中子核的未知截面之前由测量的反应速率约束。最终的不确定性在保留模型相关性的同时通过p-过程计算进行传播。为了识别驱动丰度不确定性的反应，我们结合了正则化线性响应建模、稳定性分析以及贡献和相互作用分解。我们发现光中子发射不确定性主导了总体不确定性预算。主要的不确定性来源是与当前实验约束仍兼容的局部参数变化，这突出了缺中子区域缺乏约束性核数据的问题。对于许多p-核，主要贡献要么来自p-核本身的光中子发射，要么来自沿同一条同位素链的附近（γ，n）反应。虽然改进的核模型仍然很重要，但许多关键反应涉及稳定或近稳定核，应该可以通过实验获得。
英文摘要
The p-process is responsible for the production of the stable neutron-deficient nuclei heavier than iron observed in the solar system. However, important nuclear uncertainties still limit our understanding of this nucleosynthesis process. Among the most significant are the nuclear level densities (NLDs) and photon strength functions (PSFs) entering the calculation of photodisintegration rates under supernova conditions. We investigate both model (systematic) and parameter (statistical) uncertainties affecting NLDs and PSFs and quantify their impact on p-process nucleosynthesis in type-Ia and type-II supernovae. Correlated model uncertainties are estimated using several NLD and PSF models that reproduce available experimental observables. Uncorrelated parameter uncertainties are evaluated with a backward-forward Monte Carlo approach, in which parameter variations are constrained by measured reaction rates before being propagated to unknown cross sections of neutron-deficient nuclei. The resulting uncertainties are propagated through p-process calculations while preserving model correlations. To identify the reactions driving abundance uncertainties, we combine regularized linear-response modeling, stability analysis, and contribution and interaction decompositions. We find that photoneutron-emission uncertainties dominate the overall uncertainty budget. The leading source of uncertainty arises from local parameter variations still compatible with current experimental constraints, highlighting the lack of constraining nuclear data in the neutron-deficient region. For many p-nuclei, the dominant contribution originates either from the photoneutron emission of the p-nucleus itself or from a nearby $(γ,n)$ reaction along the same isotopic chain. While improved nuclear models remain important, many key reactions involve stable or near-stable nuclei and should be experimentally accessible.
