AI 中文总结
该研究针对r-过程稀土峰，利用6种NLD模型在3种天体场景开展模拟，发现NLD的系统偏差会改变核流、消除对质子奇偶性的依赖，凸显了采用自洽微观输入的必要性。
AI 中文摘要
稀土峰（质量数A≈164）是r-过程的显著特征，以往理论研究表明其可能与局域核结构效应相关。但与核质量等其他结构性质相比，直接反映这些性质的物理量——核能级密度（NLD）在很大程度上被忽视了。为解决这一问题，我们利用6种不同NLD模型导出的中子俘获率，在3种天体物理场景下开展r-过程模拟。结果显示，微观模型的NLD相对于唯象模型存在系统偏差，对核合成产生关键影响：偶质量核的NLD系统差异会改变核流走向，加速稀土峰的早期形成并暂时增强其幅度；这种潜在的结构转变还从根本上改变了r-过程对中子俘获率的敏感性，有效消除了其对质子奇偶性的依赖。总体而言，这些发现表明NLD编码的内部核结构可共同诱导核合成路径的全局转向，凸显了未来模拟中采用自洽微观输入的迫切需求。
英文摘要
The rare-earth peak ($A\sim164$) is a prominent feature of the $r$-process, and previous theoretical studies suggest that it is possibly linked to local nuclear structural effects. However, the nuclear level density (NLD), a physical quantity directly reflecting these properties, has been largely overlooked compared to other structural properties such as nuclear masses. To address this, we perform $r$-process simulations across three astrophysical scenarios using neutron-capture rates derived from six distinct NLD models. Our results reveal that microscopic models yield systematic deviations in NLD relative to phenomenological ones, leading to critical impacts on nucleosynthesis. Specifically, systematic NLD differences in even-$A$ nuclei redirect the nuclear flow, accelerating the early formation of the rare-earth peak and temporarily enhancing its magnitude. This underlying structural shift also fundamentally alters the $r$-process sensitivity to the neutron-capture rate, effectively eliminating its dependence on the odd-even nature of protons. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the internal nuclear structure encoded within NLDs can collectively induce a global redirection of the nucleosynthesis pathway, highlighting the critical need for self-consistent microscopic inputs in future simulations.
Comments14 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
