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arXiv 1507.08291astro-ph.EP
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发现F7V星HD 984的低质量伴星

Discovery of a Low-Mass Companion to the F7V star HD 984

T. Meshkat, M. Bonnefoy, E. E. Mamajek, S. P. Quanz, G. Chauvin, M. A. Kenworthy, J. Rameau, M. R. Meyer, A. -M. Lagrange, J. Lannier, P. Delorme

摘要:

我们报告发现了一个低质量的同伴附近(d = 47 pc)F7 V恒星HD 984。在NaCo/VLT上的切趾相位板(英语:Apodizing Phase Plate)在L'波段探测到它的伴星,距离主星0.19”,并在几天后由L'波段非日冕照相成像数据恢复。利用SINFONI积分场摄谱仪H+K数据证实伴星与主星同向运动。我们提出了第一次发表的数据与SINFONI在瞳孔跟踪模式。HD 984被认为是3000万年前的天鸽群的运动学成员,它的HR图位置与这个年龄的ZAMS星并不完全矛盾。通过整合不同的年龄指标,包括等时年龄、日冕X射线发射和恒星自转,我们独立估计了115 $\pm$ 85 Myr(95%CL)的主序年龄,该年龄不依赖于这种运动学关联。直接成像的伴星的质量通常是从理论上的演化轨迹推断出来的,这在很大程度上取决于恒星的年龄。基于年龄极值,我们证明,仅用我们的光度数据,同伴的质量是高度不确定的:33和96 M $_{\rm Jup}$(0.03-0.09 M $_{\odot}$)使用COND演化模型。我们比较了同伴的SINFONI光谱与场矮星光谱,以打破这种简并。根据H波段光谱的斜率和形状,我们断定伴星是M $6.0\pm0.5$矮星。该系统的年龄并不受伴星的进一步限制,因为M矮星在低质量演化轨道上的适应性很差。这一发现强调了获得F星周围光谱型伴星光谱的重要性。

英文摘要:

We report the discovery of a low-mass companion to the nearby (d = 47 pc) F7V star HD 984. The companion is detected 0.19" away from its host star in the L' band with the Apodizing Phase Plate on NaCo/VLT and was recovered by L'-band non-coronagraphic imaging data taken a few days later. We confirm the companion is co-moving with the star with SINFONI integral field spectrograph H+K data. We present the first published data obtained with SINFONI in pupil-tracking mode. HD 984 has been argued to be a kinematic member of the 30 Myr-old Columba group, and its HR diagram position is not altogether inconsistent with being a ZAMS star of this age. By consolidating different age indicators, including isochronal age, coronal X-ray emission, and stellar rotation, we independently estimate a main sequence age of 115$\pm$85 Myr (95% CL) which does not rely on this kinematic association. The mass of directly imaged companions are usually inferred from theoretical evolutionary tracks, which are highly dependent on the age of the star. Based on the age extrema, we demonstrate that with our photometric data alone, the companion's mass is highly uncertain: between 33 and 96 M$_{\rm Jup}$ (0.03-0.09 M$_{\odot}$) using the COND evolutionary models. We compare the companion's SINFONI spectrum with field dwarf spectra to break this degeneracy. Based on the slope and shape of the spectrum in the H-band, we conclude that the companion is an M$6.0\pm0.5$ dwarf. The age of the system is not further constrained by the companion, as M dwarfs are poorly fit on low-mass evolutionary tracks. This discovery emphasizes the importance of obtaining a spectrum to spectral type companions around F-stars.

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