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arXiv 1507.03545astro-ph.CO
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反夸克块金暗物质的严格中微子通量约束

Stringent neutrino flux constraints on anti-quark nugget dark matter

P. W. Gorham, B. J. Rotter

摘要:

以核密度物质块的形式存在的强相互作用物质,目前还没有被排除在10克到10万吨质量范围内的暗物质候选者之外。最近夸克块暗物质模型的一个变化假设,在早期宇宙中强子产生之前,夸克-胶子等离子体中物质和反物质之间的一阶不平衡将当前时代的大部分暗物质束缚成重(重子数$B \sim 10^{25}$)反夸克块,解释了暗物质的优势和物质-反物质的不对称。这些大质量物体与地球和太阳中的正常物质相互作用将导致湮灭和相关的中微子通量在$\sim 20-50$ MeV范围内。我们计算这些流量的反夸克金块足够的数密度占的暗物质,并发现目前的中微子流量限制从超级神冈提供严格的约束,对几种可能的情况下,这样的对象。在先前允许的质量范围内,传统的反夸克块金不能解释超过暗物质通量的$\sim 1/5$;如果它们处于色超导相,那么它们在物质湮灭过程中的μ子产生必须被抑制一个数量级,低于先前的估计,如果它们要保持可行的暗物质候选者。

英文摘要:

Strongly-interacting matter in the form of nuggets of nuclear-density material are not currently excluded as dark matter candidates in the ten gram to hundred kiloton mass range. A recent variation on quark nugget dark matter models postulates that a first-order imbalance between matter and antimatter in the quark-gluon plasma prior to hadron production in the early universe binds up most of the dark matter into heavy (baryon number $B \sim 10^{25}$) anti-quark nuggets in the current epoch, explaining both the dark matter preponderance and the matter-antimatter asymmetry. Interactions of these massive objects with normal matter in the Earth and Sun will lead to annihilation and an associated neutrino flux in the $\sim 20-50$ MeV range. We calculate these fluxes for anti-quark nuggets of sufficient number density to account for the dark matter and find that current neutrino flux limits from Super-Kamiokande provide stringent constraints on several possible scenarios for such objects. Conventional anti-quark nuggets in the previously allowed mass range cannot account for more than $\sim 1/5$ of the dark matter flux; if they are in a color-superconducting phase, then their muon production during matter annihilation must be suppressed by an order of magnitude below prior estimates if they are to remain viable dark matter candidates.

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