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arXiv 1506.05091hep-th
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假扭结的隧道衰减

Tunneling decay of false kinks

Éric Dupuis, Yan Gobeil, Richard MacKenzie, Luc Marleau, M. B. Paranjape, Y. Ung

摘要:

我们考虑了“假扭结”的衰变,即在1+1维中由一对简并破缺假真空的标量场理论形成的扭结。真正的真空是对称的。第二个标量场和一个特殊的潜在的增加,以使扭结是经典稳定的。我们找到一个表达式的衰减率的假扭结。与任何隧道事件一样,速率与$\exp(-S_E)$成比例,其中$S_E$是描述隧道事件的反弹的欧几里得动作。该因子根据模型的参数而变化很大。有趣的是,对于某些参数,$S_E$可以变得任意小,这意味着扭结只是勉强稳定。因此,虽然假真空本身可能是非常长的寿命,但扭结的存在会引起快速的真空衰减。

英文摘要:

We consider the decay of "false kinks," that is, kinks formed in a scalar field theory with a pair of degenerate symmetry-breaking false vacua in 1+1 dimensions. The true vacuum is symmetric. A second scalar field and a peculiar potential are added in order for the kink to be classically stable. We find an expression for the decay rate of a false kink. As with any tunneling event, the rate is proportional to $\exp(-S_E)$ where $S_E$ is the Euclidean action of the bounce describing the tunneling event. This factor varies wildly depending on the parameters of the model. Of interest is the fact that for certain parameters $S_E$ can get arbitrarily small, implying that the kink is only barely stable. Thus, while the false vacuum itself may be very long-lived, the presence of kinks can give rise to rapid vacuum decay.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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