sphaleron散射中的假真空泡
False-vacuum bubbles in sphaleron scattering
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究（1+1）维变形φ⁶标量场论中两个明亮sphaleron的对头碰撞，发现假真空泡等丰富散射终态，揭示该类理论的sphaleron动力学比此前认知更丰富。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们在具有假真空的对称势的（1+1）维变形φ⁶标量场论中研究两个明亮sphaleron的碰撞动力学。考虑了该模型的两个单参数实现，分别称为势垒模型和势阱模型，首先回顾了它们的静态和线性不稳定性特性。随后，我们在宽范围的初始速度和变形参数下研究了被加速sphaleron的对头碰撞。散射动力学呈现出丰富多样的终态，包括扭结-反扭结对的产生、在真真空和假真空中的长寿命振荡子、在假真空区域传播的多个振荡子以及辐射衰变。一个特别显著的结果是出现了由扭结-反扭结对界定的长寿命假破缺真空泡，它反复坍缩并重新膨胀，最终衰变为一个振荡子。这些结果表明，具有假真空的变形φ⁶理论展现出比此前所知丰富得多的sphaleron动力学，并为非线性场论中不稳定局域构型的作用提供了新的见解。
英文摘要
We investigate the collision dynamics of two bright sphalerons in a (1+1)-dimensional deformed $ϕ^6$ scalar field theory with a symmetric potential possessing false vacua. Two one-parameter realizations of the model, referred to as the barrier and well models, are considered and their static and linear instability properties are first reviewed. We then study head-on collisions of boosted sphalerons over a broad range of initial velocities and deformation parameters. The scattering dynamics exhibit a rich variety of final states, including the production of kink-antikink pairs, long-lived oscillons in true and false vacuum, multiple oscillons propagating in false-vacuum regions, and radiative decay. A particularly remarkable outcome is the emergence of a long-lived bubble of the false broken vacuum bounded by a kink-antikink pair, which repeatedly collapses and re-expands before eventually decaying into an oscillon. These results demonstrate that deformed $ϕ^6$ theories with false vacua exhibit considerably richer sphaleron dynamics than previously known and provide new insight into the role of unstable localized configurations in nonlinear field theories.
发表机构
- A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute)（阿·伊·阿里哈尼扬国家科学实验室（叶里万物理研究所））
- Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela（圣地亚哥-德孔波斯特拉大学粒子物理学系）
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxias (IGFAE)（加利西亚高能物理研究所）
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