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arXiv 1505.04313cs.CLmath.LO
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普遍语法的类型理论研究

A type-theoretical approach to Universal Grammar

University of Tartu(塔尔图大学)

Erkki Luuk

摘要:

普遍语法(Universal Grammar,UG)作为所有人类语言共享的假设语言结构的想法至少可以追溯到13世纪。现代对这一思想最著名的阐述要归功于乔姆斯基。在理论语言学、类型学和场域语言学的毁灭性批评之后,这些阐述、普遍语法本身的想法以及更普遍的语言共性的想法站不住脚,并在很大程度上被抛弃。该建议处理的假设内容普遍使用依赖和多态类型论的框架非常不同的乔姆斯基的。我们引入了一个类型逻辑的精确,通用和简约的表示自然语言形态句法和组合语义。该逻辑处理语法歧义(多态类型),选择性限制和各种回指(依赖类型),并具有部分通用的一套形态句法类型(由库里-霍华德同构)。

英文摘要:

The idea of Universal Grammar (UG) as the hypothetical linguistic structure shared by all human languages harkens back at least to the 13th century. The best known modern elaborations of the idea are due to Chomsky. Following a devastating critique from theoretical, typological and field linguistics, these elaborations, the idea of UG itself and the more general idea of language universals stand untenable and are largely abandoned. The proposal tackles the hypothetical contents of UG using dependent and polymorphic type theory in a framework very different from the Chomskyan ones. We introduce a type logic for a precise, universal and parsimonious representation of natural language morphosyntax and compositional semantics. The logic handles grammatical ambiguity (with polymorphic types), selectional restrictions and diverse kinds of anaphora (with dependent types), and features a partly universal set of morphosyntactic types (by the Curry-Howard isomorphism).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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