We reveal that three-dimensional multi-orbital topological superconductivity can be identified by a bulk measurement, i.e., the temperature dependence of nuclear magnetic relaxation (NMR) rates. Below a critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$, the NMR rate in the topological state exhibits an anti-peak profile, which is opposite to the conventional $s$-wave state. This inversion coherence effect comes from a twist of order parameters with respect to orbital and spin degrees of freedom. Our self-consistent calculations in the model for Cu$_{x}$Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ prove that the inverse coherence effect appears as a concave temperature dependence of the NMR rates. We propose that a time-reversal-invariant orbital-singlet spin-triplet topological superconductivity is characterized by the temperature dependence of the NMR rate.
We re-examine the Nambu-Gorkov perturbation theory of superconductivity on the basis of the Bogoliubov-Valatin quasi-particles. We show that two different fields (and two additional analogous fields) may be constructed, and that the Nambu field is only one of them. For the other field- the coherence field- the interaction is given by means of two interaction vertices that are based on the Pauli matrices tau1 and tau3. Consequently, the Hartree integral for the off-diagonal pairing self-energy may be finite, and in some cases large. We interpret the results in terms of conventional superconduct…
Following our previous investigations on superconductivity in amorphous carbon (aC) based systems; we have prepared thin composite aC-W films using electron-beam induced deposition. The films did not show any sign for superconductivity above 5 K. However, local, non-percolative, superconductivity emerged at Tc = 34.4 K after treatment with sulfur at 250 C for 24 hours. The superconducting features in the magnetization curves were by far sharper compared to our previous results, and the shielding fraction increased by about an order of magnitude. Our data suggest that pairing and localized supe…
We study the normal state and the superconducting transition in the Attractive Hubbard Model in three dimensions, using self-consistent diagrammatics. Our results for the self-consistent $T$-matrix approximation are consistent with 3D-XY power-law critical scaling and finite-size scaling. This is in contrast to the exponential 2D-XY scaling the method was able to capture in our previous 2D calculation. We find the 3D transition temperature at quarter-filling and $U=-4t$ to be $T_c=0.207t$. The 3D critical regime is much narrower than in 2D and the ratio of the mean-field transition to $T_c$ is…
The phase diagram of order parameters for pairing and phase coherence in hole-doped cuprates is discussed. By examining carefully some recent inelastic neutron scattering data obtained on hole-doped cuprates and heavy fermion compound UPd2Al3 in which the superconductivity is mediated by spin fluctuations, we conclude that the coherent gap in hole-doped cuprates has most likely the magnetic origin and scales with Tc, on average, as 2Dc/kBTc = 5.4. We discuss a model of the superconductivity in hole-doped cuprates and the symmetries of two order parameters.
We study the temperature dependence of nuclear magnetic relaxation (NMR) rates to detect a sign of topological superconductivity in doped topological insulators, such as $M$($=$Cu,Nb,Sr)$_{x}$Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ and Sn$_{1-x}$In$_{x}$Te. The Hebel-Slichter coherence effect below a critical temperature Tc depends on the superconducting states predicted by a minimal model of doped topological insulators. In a nodal anisotropic topological state similar to the ABM-phase in $^{3}$He, the NMR rate has a conventional $s$-wave like coherence peak below Tc. In contrast, in a fully-gapped isotropic topolo…
Multiple correlation lengths and type-1.5 superconductivity in $U(1)$ superconductors due to hidden competition between irreducible representations of nonlocal pairing
KTH-Royal Institute of Technology（皇家理工学院）；Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability（瓦伦堡可持续材料科学倡议）
Within the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, the interplay between the single particle coherence and superconducting instability in doped cuprates is studied. The superconducting transition temperature increases with increasing doping in the underdoped regime, and reaches a maximum in the optimal doping, then decreases in the overdoped regime, however, the values of this superconducting transition temperature in the whole superconducting range are suppressed to low temperature due to the single particle coherence. Within this superconducting mechanism, we calculate the dynamical…
We report the infrared (IR) response of Cu-O chains in the high-$T_{c}$ superconductor YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{y}$ over the doping range spanning $% y=6.28-6.75$. We find evidence for a power law scaling at mid-IR frequencies consistent with predictions for Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, thus supporting the notion of one-dimensional transport in the chains. We analyze the role of coupling to the CuO$_{2}$ planes in establishing metallicity and superconductivity in disordered chain fragments.
The two-orbital superconducting state is modeled by on-site intra-orbital negative-U Hubbard correlations together with inter-orbital pair-transfer interactions. The critical temperature is mainly governed by intra-orbital attractive interactions and it can pass through an additional maximum as a function of band filling. For the certain number of electrons the clear interband proximity effect is observable in the superconducting state of the band with a smaller gap. The influence of band fillings and orbital site energies on the temperature dependencies of two-component superconductivity cohe…
We study the vortex-line lattice and liquid phases of a clean type-II superconductor by means of Monte Carlo simulations of the lattice London model. Motivated by a recent controversy regarding the presence, within this model, of a vortex-liquid regime with longitudinal superconducting coherence over long length scales, we directly compare two different ways to calculate the longitudinal coherence. For an isotropic superconductor, we interpret our results in terms of a temperature regime within the liquid phase in which longitudinal superconducting coherence extends over length scales larger t…
The electron-doped cuprates were studied by electronic Raman spectroscopy across the entire region of the superconducting (SC) phase diagram. We determined that the magnitude of the SC order parameter varies between 4.6 and 3.5 k_BT_c, consistent with weak coupling BCS theory. Using a ``Raman conductivity" sum rule, we found that doped carriers divide into coherent quasi-particles (QPs) and carriers that remain incoherent. The coherent QPs mainly reside in the vicinity of (pi/2a, pi/2a) regions of the Brillouin zone. The carriers doped beyond optimal doping remain incoherent. Only coherent QPs…
Within the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, we study the interplay between superconductivity and the nodal and antinodal superconducting quasiparticle coherences in cuprate superconductors, and find the s-wave superconducting transition temperature is heavily suppressed by the antinodal superconducting quasiparticle coherence, while the d-wave superconducting transition temperature is enhanced, therefore the antinodal superconducting quasiparticle coherence plays a more crucial role in superconductivity of cuprate superconductors.
In cuprate superconductors, due to strong electronic correlations, there are multiple intertwined orders which either coexist or compete with superconductivity. Among them the antiferromagnetic (AF) order is the most prominent one. In the region where superconductivity sets in, the long-range AF order is destroyed. Yet the residual short-range AF fluctuations are present up to a much higher doping and their role in the emergence of the superconducting phase is still highly debated. Here, by using a spin polarized scanning tunneling microscope, for the first time, we directly visualize an emerg…
Interlayer electronic coherence links magnetism and superconductivity in Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates
State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University（复旦大学表面物理国家重点实验室和物理系）；Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences（上海量子科学研究中心）；Institute of Nanoelectronics and Quantum Computing, Fudan University（复旦大学纳米电子与量子计算研究所）
Quantum condensation is used here as the basis for a phenomenological theory of superfluidity and superconductivity. It leads to remarkably good calculations of the transition temperatures T c of superfluid 3 He and 4 He, as well as a large number of cuprate, heavy fermion, organic, dichalcogenide, and bismuth oxide super- conductors. Although this approach may apply least to the long coherence length metallics, reasonably good estimates are made for them, and chevral superconductors. T c for atomic H is estimated. T c can be calculated as a function of number density or density of states, and…
In a one-dimensional (1D) superconductor, zero temperature quantum fluctuations destroy phase coherence. Here we put forward a mechanism which can restore phase coherence: power-law hopping. We study a 1D attractive-U Hubbard model with power-law hopping by Abelian bosonization and density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) techniques. The parameter that controls the hopping decay acts as the effective, non-integer spatial dimensionality $d_{eff}$. For real-valued hopping amplitudes we identify analytically a range of parameters for which power-law hopping suppress fluctuations and restore su…
We show that in Pr$ _{0.5} $La$ _{0.2} $Ca$ _{0.3} $MnO$ _{3} $/YBa$ _{2} $Cu$ _{3} $O$ _{7} $ (PLCMO/YBCO) multilayers the low temperature state of YBCO is very resistive and resembles the one of a granular superconductor or a frustrated Josephson-junction network. Notably, a coherent superconducting response can be restored with a large magnetic field which also suppresses the charge-orbital order in PLCMO. This coincidence suggests that the granular superconducting state of YBCO is induced by the charge-orbital order of PLCMO. The coupling mechanism and the nature of the induced inhomogeneo…
We have performed temperature dependent tunneling spectroscopy on an impurity-free surface area of a LiFeAs single crystal. Our data reveal a highly unusual temperature evolution of superconductivity: at $T_c^*=18$~K a partial superconducting gap opens, as is evidenced by subtle, yet clear features in the tunneling spectra, i.e. particle-hole symmetric coherence peaks, and a dip-hump structure which signals strong-coupling superconductivity. At $T_c=16$~K, these features substantiate dramatically and become characteristic of full superconductivity. Remarkably, this is accompanied by an almost …
On the basis of the observed short coherence lengths in the cuprates we argue that a BCS-Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover approach is an appropriate starting point for correcting the mean field approach of BCS and, thereby, for addressing pseudogap phenomena in these materials. Our version of the BCS-BEC approach is based on a particular Greens' function decoupling scheme which should be differentiated from others in the literature, and which yields (i) the Leggett crossover ground state (for all coupling constants g, at T=0) and (ii) BCS theory (for all $ T \leq T_c$ over a range of…
The onset of macroscopic phase coherence in superconducting cuprates is considered to be determined by random percolation between mesoscopic Jahn-Teller pairs, stripes or clusters. The model is found to predict the onset of superconductivity near 6% doping, maximum Tc near 15% doping and Tc= T* at optimum doping, and accounts for the destruction of superconductivity by Zn doping near 7%. The model also predicts a relation between the pairing (pseudogap) energy and Tc in terms of experimentally measurable quantities.
A pairing gap and coherence are the two hallmarks of superconductivity. In a classical BCS superconductor they are established simultaneously at Tc. In the cuprates, however, an energy gap (pseudogap) extends above Tc. The origin of this gap is one of the central issues in high temperature superconductivity. Recent experimental evidence demonstrates that the pseudogap and the superconducting gap are associated with different energy scales. It is however not clear whether they coexist independently or compete. In order to understand the physics of cuprates and improve their superconducting prop…
The presence of two components in the electron fluid of high temperature superconductors and the complex charge and lattice inhomogeneity have been the hot topics of the international conference of the superstripes series, Superstripes 2015, held in Ischia in 2015. The debate on the mechanisms for reaching room temperature superconductivity has been boosted by the discovery of superconductivity with the highest critical temperature in pressurized sulfur hydride. Different complex electronic and structural landscapes showing up in superconductors which resist to the decoherence effects of high …
We investigate the influence of inhomogeneity in the pairing coupling constant $U(\vec r)$ on dirty BCS superconductors, focusing on $T_c$, the order parameter $Δ(\vec r)$, and the energy gap $E_g(\vec r)$. Within mean-field theory, we find that when the length-scale of the inhomogeneity is comparable to, or larger than the coherence length, the ratio $2E_g/T_c$ is significantly reduced from that of a homogeneous superconductor, while in the opposite limit this ratio stays unmodified. In two dimensions, when strong phase fluctuations are included, the Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature $T_{KT}$ i…
The state with a spontaneous interlayer phase coherence in a graphene based bilayer quantum Hall system is studied. This state can be considered as a gas of superfluid electron-hole pairs with the components of the pair belonging to different layers. Superfluid flux of such pairs is equivalent to two electrical supercurrents in the layers. It is shown that the state with the interlayer phase coherence emerges in the graphene system if a certain imbalance of the Landau level filling factors of the layers is created. We obtain the temperature of transition into the superfluid state, the maximum …
The possibility of driving phase transitions in low-density condensates through the loss of phase coherence alone has far-reaching implications for the study of quantum phases of matter. This has inspired the development of tools to control and explore the collective properties of condensate phases via phase fluctuations. Electrically-gated oxide interfaces, ultracold Fermi atoms, and cuprate superconductors, which are characterized by an intrinsically small phase-stiffness, are paradigmatic examples where these tools are having a dramatic impact. Here we use light pulses shorter than the inte…
Usual superconductors are classified into two categories as follows: type-1 when the ratio of the magnetic field penetration length (λ) to coherence length (ξ) with Ginzburg-Landau parameter κ=λ/ξ<1/\sqrt{2} and type-2 when κ>1/\sqrt{2}. The boundary case κ=1/\sqrt{2} is also considered to be a special situation, frequently termed as "Bogomolnyi limit". Here we discuss multicomponent systems which can possess three or more fundamental length scales and allow a separate superconducting state, which was recently termed "type-1.5". In that state a system has the following hierarchy of coherence a…
In cuprates, a precursor state of superconductivity is speculated to exist above the critical temperature $\mathrm{T_C}$. Here we show via a combination of far-infrared ellipsometry and ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy that signatures of such a state can be obtained via three independent observables in an underdoped sample of NdBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+δ}$. The pseudogap correlations were disentangled from the response of laser-broken pairs by clocking their characteristic time-scales. The onset of a superconducting precursor state was found at a temperature $\mathrm{T_{ONS}}$ $>$ $\mathrm{T_…
The effects of a single non-magnetic impurity on superconducting states in the Penson-Kolb-Hubbard model have been analyzed. The investigations have been performed within two steps: (i) the homogeneous system is analysed using the Bogoliubov transformation, whereas (ii) the inhomogeneous system is investigated self-consistent Bogoliubova-de Gennes equations (by exact diagonalization and the kernel polynomial method). We analysed both signs of pair hopping, which correspond to s-wave and $η$-wave superconductivity. Our results show that an enhancement of the local superconducting gap at the imp…
In general a superconducting state breaks multiple symmetries and, therefore, is characterized by several different coherence lengths $ξ_i$, $i=1,...,N$. Moreover in multiband material even superconducting states that break only a single symmetry are nonetheless described, under certain conditions by multi-component theories with multiple coherence lengths. As a result of that there can appear a state where some coherence lengths are larger and some are smaller than the magnetic field penetration length $λ$: $ξ_1\leq ξ_2... < \sqrt{2}λ<ξ_M\leq...ξ_N$. That state was recently termed "type-1.5" …
Nuclear quadrupole resonance measurements were performed on the heavy fermion superconductor Ce2PdIn8. Above the Kondo coherence temperature T_coh \simeq 30K, the spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T_1 is temperature independent, whereas at lower temperatures, down to the onset of superconductivity at T_c = 0.64K, it is nearly proportional to T^{1/2}. Below T_c, 1/T_1 shows no coherence peak and decreases as T^3 down to 75mK. All these findings indicate that Ce2PdIn8 is close to the antiferromagnetic quantum critical point, and the superconducting state has an unconventional character with line no…
Motivated by recent experiments on ABC-stacked rhombohedral trilayer graphene (RTG) which observed spin-valley symmetry-breaking and superconductivity, we study instabilities of the RTG metallic state to symmetry breaking orders. We find that interactions select the inter-valley coherent order (IVC) as the preferred ordering channel over a wide range, whose theoretically determined phase boundaries agree well with experiments on both the hole and electron doped sides. The Fermi surfaces near van Hove singularities admit partial nesting between valleys, which promotes both inter-valley supercon…
Holes doped into the CuO2 planes of cuprate parent compounds frustrate the antiferromagnetic order. The development of spin and charge stripes provides a compromise between the competing magnetic and kinetic energies. Static stripe order has been observed only in certain particular compounds, but there are signatures which suggest that dynamic stripe correlations are common in the cuprates. Though stripe order is bad for superconducting phase coherence, stripes are compatible with strong pairing. Ironically, magnetic-field-induced stripe order appears to enhance the stability of superconductin…
Results of low-temperature upper critical field measurements for Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_{4+δ}$ single crystals with various $x$ and nonstoichiometric disorder ($δ$) are presented. The coherence length of pair correlation $ξ$ and the product $k_F$$ξ$, where $k_F$ is the Fermi wave vector, are estimated. It is shown that for investigated single crystals parameter $k_F$$ξ$ $\cong$ 100 and thus phenomenologically NdCeCuO - system is in a range of Cooper-pair-based (BCS) superconductivity.
Lightwave periodic driving of nearly dissipation-less currents has recently emerged as a universal control concept for both superconducting (SC) and topological electronics applications. While exciting progress has been made towards THz-driven superconductivity, our understanding of the interactions able to drive non-equilibrium pairing is still limited, partially due to the lack of direct measurements of high-order correlation functions. Such measurements would exceed conventional single-particle spectroscopies and perturbative responses to fully characterize quantum states far-from-equilibri…
The Cooper pairing and phase coherence are two fundamental aspects of superconductivity. Due to breaking time reversal symmetry, magnetic impurities are detrimental to superconductivity, yet microscopically how they affect the pairing strength and phase coherence in a real material is less understood. Recently we observed a robust zero-energy bound state at an interstitial Fe impurity (IFI) in superconducting Fe1+x(Te,Se), signifying intense impurity scattering. Here we report a comprehensive study, using scanning tunnelling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) technique, of the global effects of I…
A characteristic feature of the BCS theory of superconductivity is the quantum-mechanical coherence of particle and hole states. Direct observation of particle-hole coherence in unusual superconducting materials is a strong indication of traditional superconductivity. We use the Fermi liquid theory of superconductivity to study the implications of particle-hole coherence on properties of d-wave superconductors near surfaces. Typical surface phenomena are the suppression of the superconducting order parameter, surface bound states associated with Andreev reflection, anomalous screening currents…
We report bulk superconductivity (SC) in Ca$_3$Ir$_4$Sn$_{13}$ by means of $^{119}$Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Two classical signatures of BCS superconductivity in spin-lattice relaxation rate ($1/T_1$), namely the Hebel-Slichter coherence peak just below the $T_c$ and the exponential decay in the superconducting phase, are evident. The noticeable decrease of $^{119}$Sn Knight shift below $T_c$ indicates spin-singlet superconductivity. The temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate ($1/T_1$) is convincingly described by the multigap isotropic superconductin…
Thin film junctions and bilayers of the doped topological insulator $\rm Bi_2Se_3$ and the s-wave superconductor NbN were found to exhibit conductance spectra with prominent zero bias and coherence peaks. Various tunneling models with different pair potentials have failed to fit our data, except for the triplet $p_x+ip_y$ pair potential, which breaks time reversal symmetry, but yielded reasonably good fits. This provides evidence for proximity induced triplet superconductivity in the $\rm Bi_2Se_3$ layer near the interface with the NbN film.
High temperature superconductivity is a property of doped antiferromagnetic insulators. The electronic structure is inhomogeneous on short length and time scales, and, as the temperature decreases, it evolves via two crossovers, before long range superconducting order is achieved. Except for overdoped materials, pairing and phase coherence occur at different temperatures, and phase fluctuations determine both T$_c$ and the temperature dependence of the superfluid density for a wide range of doping. A mechanism for obtaining a high pairing scale in a short coherence length material with a stron…
We report both 23Na and 75As NMR studies on hole-doped Ca1-xNaxFe2As2 superconducting single crystals (x\approx 0.67) with Tc =32 K. Singlet superconductivity is suggested by a sharp drop of the Knight shift 75K below Tc. The spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 does not show the Slichter-Hebel coherence peak, which suggests an unconventional pairing. The penetration depth is estimated to be 0.24 μm at T=2 K. 1/75T1T shows an anisotropic behavior and a prominent low-temperature upturn, which indicates strong low-energy antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and supports a magnetic origin of supercon…
We report resistivity and magnetization of single crystal MgB2, focusing on the broadening of superconducting (SC) transition in magnetic fields. In-plane and out-of-plane resistivity indicate that the broadening of superconducting transition is independent of Lorentz force and that it is merely dependent on the magnetic field direction. In magnetization, diamagnetic signal begins to appear at almost the same temperature as the onset temperature of resistivity transition. These results suggest that the broadening is attributed not to the surface superconductivity but to the superconducting flu…
High-temperature superconductivity confined to nanometer-size interfaces has been a long standing goal because of potential applications^{1,2} and the opportunity to study quantum phenomena in reduced dimensions^{3,4}. However, this is a challenging target: in conventional metals the high electron density restricts interface effects such as carrier depletion/accumulation to a region much narrower than the coherence length, the scale necessary for superconductivity to occur. In contrast, in copper oxides the carrier density is low while the critical temperature (T_c) is high and the coherence l…
We report a $^{71}$Ga nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) study on the characteristics of superconductivity in noncentrosymmetric Ir$_2$Ga$_9$ at zero field (H=0). The $^{71}$Ga-NQR measurements have revealed that $1/T_1$ has the clear coherence peak just below $T_{\rm c}$, and decreases exponentially upon further cooling in Ir$_2$Ga$_9$. From these results, Ir$_2$Ga$_9$ is concluded to be the conventional s-wave superconductor. Despite the lack of spatial centrosymmetry, there are no evidence for unconventional superconducting state ascribed to ASOC in Ir$_2$Ga$_9$.
We report the $^{207}$Pb nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on polycrystalline sample of PbTaSe$_2$ with noncentrosymmetric crystal structure and topological electronic band. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/T_1$ shows a suppressed coherence peak below the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ = 4.05 K and decreases as an exponential function of temperature. The penetration depth derived from the NMR spectrum is almost temperature independent below $T$ = 0.7 $T_{\rm c}$. The Knight shift $K$ decreases below $T_{\rm c}$. These results suggest spin-singlet supe…
We demonstrate that the healing of two-band superconductivity near the surface of the system is governed by length scales which are drastically different from correlation lengths. Similar to the one-band case, one of the characteristic lengths diverges at critical temperature $T_c$, while another one shows unusual behaviour having singularity at $T_{c+}<T_c$. By moving away from the boundary, these scales approach coherence lengths in the bulk state, where the divergence at $T_{c+}$ is removed by arbitrary weak interband coupling. Such a boundary-driven modification in coherency affects proxim…
We report the numerical solutions of the system of equations, which describes the electrodynamics of s-wave superconductors, for time independent fields and half-plane superconductor geometry. The results are: i)the applied magnetic field increases the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) coherence length and suppresses the superconductivity, ii)the applied electric field decreases GL coherence length and supports the superconductivity, iii) if the applied magnetic field is fixed and the applied electric field increases the London penetration depth of the magnetic field decreases. The main conclusion is that …
We use thermodynamic and neutron scattering measurements to study the effect of oxygen annealing on the superconductivity and magnetism in Pr$_{0.88}$LaCe$_{0.12}$CuO$_{4-δ}$. Although the transition temperature $T_c$ measured by susceptibility and superconducting coherence length increase smoothly with gradual oxygen removal from the annealing process, bulk superconductivity, marked by a specific heat anomaly at $T_c$ and the presence of a neutron magnetic resonance, only appears abruptly when $T_c$ is close to the largest value. These results suggest that the effect of oxygen annealing must …
We present a theory for the pseudo-gap state recently observed at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface, based on superconducting islands embedded in a metallic background. Superconductivity within each island is BCS-like, and the local critical temperatures are randomly distributed, some of them necessarily exceeding the critical temperature for global percolation to the zero resistance state. Consequently, tunneling spectra display a suppression of the density of states and coherence peaks already well above the percolative transition. This model of inhomogeneous superconductivity accounts well for th…
This paper presents the effects of Lorentz violation in superconductivity. Constructing a Lorentz-Violating Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity we discuss the influence of the Lorentz-Violating tensors $\hat{k}_{c}^{ij}$ and $\hat{k}_a^i$ in the London's depth penetration, in the coherence length and critical magnetic field.
Polycrystalline sample FeSe was synthesized by a self-flux solution method which shows a zero resistance temperature up to 10.9 K and a Tconset (90% \rhon, \rhon: normal state resistivity) up to 13.3 K. The decrease of superconducting transition temperature by heat treatment indicates that internal crystallographic strain which plays the same effect as external pressure is the origin of its high Tc. The fluctuation conductivity was studied which could be well described by 3D Aslamazov-Larkin (AL) power law. The estimated value of coherence length \xic=9.2 Åis larger than the distance between c…
The emergence of nematic electronic states accompanied by a structural phase transition is a recurring theme in many correlated electron materials, including the high-temperature copper oxide- and iron-based superconductors. We provide evidence for nematic electronic states in the iron-chalcogenide superconductor FeSe0.4Te0.6 from quasi-particle scattering detected in spectroscopic maps. The symmetry-breaking states persist above Tc into the normal state. We interpret the scattering patterns by comparison with quasi-particle interference patterns obtained from a tight-binding model, accounting…
We have investigated a gap structure in a newly-discovered superconductor, MgB2 through the measurement of 11B nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate, ^{11}(1/T_1). ^{11}(1/T_1) is proportional to the temperature (T) in the normal state, and decreases exponentially in the superconducting (SC) state, revealing a tiny coherence peak just below T_c. The T dependence of 1/T_1 in the SC state can be accounted for by an s-wave SC model with a large gap size of 2Δ/k_BT_c \sim 5 which suggests to be in a strong-coupling regime.
We report on a study of electric resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements in electron irradiated SrTi$_{0.987}$Nb$_{0.013}$O$_3$ single crystals. Point-like defects, induced by electron irradiation, lead to an almost threefold enhancement of the residual resistivity, but barely affect the superconducting critical temperature ($T_c$). The pertinence of Anderson's theorem provides strong evidence for a s-wave superconducting order parameter. Stronger scattering leads to a reduction of the effective coherence length ($ξ$) and the deduced coherence length in the clean limit ($ξ_0$) is …
By using the gauge-invariant kinetic equation approach [Yang and Wu, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 98}, 094507 (2018); {\bf 100}, 104513 (2019)], we construct the coupled dual dynamics of macroscopic phase coherence and microscopic electronic fluids in cuprate superconductors. We prove that the developed dual dynamics provides an efficient and simplified approach to formulate the dephasing process of macroscopic superconducting phase coherence, as well as its influence on microscopic electronic fluids (including gap, densities of superfluid and normal fluid, and in particular, the transport property to de…
