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arXiv 1504.07557astro-ph.EP
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亚海王星大小行星的质量-半径概率关系

Probabilistic Mass-Radius Relationship for Sub-Neptune-Sized Planets

Angie Wolfgang, Leslie A. Rogers, Eric B. Ford

摘要:

开普勒任务已经发现了数千颗半径为$<4\ R_\oplus$的行星,为这些次海王星和超级地球的动力学,形成和演化的首次统计研究铺平了道路。行星质量是这些研究的一个重要物理属性,但绝大多数开普勒行星候选者没有测量它们的质量。因此,一个关键问题是如何将测量的半径映射到地球到海王星尺寸范围内的质量估计值,其中没有太阳系类似物。以前的工作已经得出了确定性的,一对一的半径和质量之间的关系。然而,如果这些行星如预期的那样跨越一系列的组成,那么在人口中必须存在关于这种关系的内在分散。在这里,我们提出了第一个概率的质量半径关系(M-R关系)的贝叶斯框架内评估,这两个量化的内在分散性和M-R关系参数的不确定性。我们分析了结果如何取决于样品的半径范围,以及如何测量质量。假设M-R关系可以被描述为一个幂律与色散是恒定的和正态分布的,我们发现,$M/M_\oplus=2.7(R/R_\oplus)^{1.3}$,在$1.9\ M_\oplus$的质量分散,和物理上合理的密度的质量约束,是“最佳拟合”的概率M-R关系的RV测量过境亚海王星($R_{pl}<4\ R_\oplus$)的样本。更广泛地说,这项工作提供了一个框架,进一步分析的M-R关系及其可能依赖于周期和恒星的属性。

英文摘要:

The Kepler Mission has discovered thousands of planets with radii $<4\ R_\oplus$, paving the way for the first statistical studies of the dynamics, formation, and evolution of these sub-Neptunes and super-Earths. Planetary masses are an important physical property for these studies, and yet the vast majority of Kepler planet candidates do not have theirs measured. A key concern is therefore how to map the measured radii to mass estimates in this Earth-to-Neptune size range where there are no Solar System analogs. Previous works have derived deterministic, one-to-one relationships between radius and mass. However, if these planets span a range of compositions as expected, then an intrinsic scatter about this relationship must exist in the population. Here we present the first probabilistic mass-radius relationship (M-R relation) evaluated within a Bayesian framework, which both quantifies this intrinsic dispersion and the uncertainties on the M-R relation parameters. We analyze how the results depend on the radius range of the sample, and on how the masses were measured. Assuming that the M-R relation can be described as a power law with a dispersion that is constant and normally distributed, we find that $M/M_\oplus=2.7(R/R_\oplus)^{1.3}$, a scatter in mass of $1.9\ M_\oplus$, and a mass constraint to physically plausible densities, is the "best-fit" probabilistic M-R relation for the sample of RV-measured transiting sub-Neptunes ($R_{pl}<4\ R_\oplus$). More broadly, this work provides a framework for further analyses of the M-R relation and its probable dependencies on period and stellar properties.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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