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arXiv 1304.7269astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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用铁包层法测试开普勒行星的金属

Testing the Metal of Late-Type Kepler Planet Hosts with Iron-Clad Methods

Andrew W. Mann, Eric Gaidos, Adam Kraus, Eric J. Hilton

摘要:

研究表明,海王星大小的行星的F、G和早期K矮星宿主并不优先富含金属。然而,不太清楚是否同样适用于晚K和M矮行星宿主。本文报道了有效温度低于4500 K的开普勒目标和候选凌日行星宿主的金属丰度。我们使用新的金属校准,以确定[Fe/H]从可见光和近红外光谱。我们发现开普勒观测到的晚K矮星和晚M矮星的金属丰度分布与太阳邻域的分布是一致的。此外,我们发现,地球到海王星大小的行星的主机具有金属丰度与那些缺乏检测到的行星一致,并排除了先前声称的两个分布之间的0.2 dex偏移在6sigma置信度。我们还表明,晚K和M矮星托管多个检测到的行星的金属丰度与那些缺乏检测到的行星是一致的。我们的研究结果表明,多个类地行星和海王星大小的行星可以形成在晚K和M矮星周围,金属丰度低至太阳值的0.25。海王星大小的行星围绕着这种低金属量的M矮星运行,这表明吸积行星收集了盘中的大部分或所有固体,并且巨行星的潜在核心可以很容易地在M矮星周围形成。与太阳型恒星相比,M矮星周围的巨行星数量较少,这一定是由于相对较快的盘蒸发或较慢的核心吸积速率,而不是没有足够的固体形成核心。

英文摘要:

It has been shown that F, G, and early K dwarf hosts of Neptune-sized planets are not preferentially metal-rich. However, it is less clear whether the same holds for late K and M dwarf planet hosts. We report metallicities of Kepler targets and candidate transiting planet hosts with effective temperatures below 4500 K. We use new metallicity calibrations to determine [Fe/H] from visible and near-infrared spectra. We find that the metallicity distribution of late K and M dwarfs monitored by Kepler is consistent with that of the solar neighborhood. Further, we show that hosts of Earth- to Neptune-sized planets have metallicities consistent with those lacking detected planets and rule out a previously claimed 0.2 dex offset between the two distributions at 6sigma confidence. We also demonstrate that the metallicities of late K and M dwarfs hosting multiple detected planets are consistent with those lacking detected planets. Our results indicate that multiple terrestrial and Neptune-sized planets can form around late K and M dwarfs with metallicities as low as 0.25 of the solar value. The presence of Neptune-sized planets orbiting such low-metallicity M dwarfs suggests that accreting planets collect most or all of the solids from the disk and that the potential cores of giant planets can readily form around M dwarfs. The paucity of giant planets around M dwarfs compared to solar-type stars must be due to relatively rapid disk evaporation or a slower rate of core accretion, rather than insufficient solids to form a core.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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