arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1504.06150quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
收藏

量子热机的测量表述

Measurement-based Formulation of Quantum Heat Engine

Masahito Hayashi, Hiroyasu Tajima

备注：
The part of finite-size effect has been removed, and has been moved to arXiv:1405.6457v2 because the calculation of this part has been essentially done in the first version of arXiv:1405.6457
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. A 95, 032132 (2017)
阅读 PDF
arXiv 页面 ↗HTML 原文 ↗

摘要：

量子热机存在两种公式，其模拟两个微观系统之间的能量传递。一种是半经典的情形，另一种是全量子的情形。前者被表述为内部系统的统一演化，并被统计力学界所采用。在后者中，整个过程被表述为幺正的，并且被量子信息社区所采用。本文提出了一个量子热机模型，它将能量从微观系统的集合转移到宏观系统，如燃料电池。在这种情况下，提取的工作量对人类来说是可见的。为此，我们将量子热机表述为测量过程，其测量结果是提取的功的量。在此模型下，我们导出了一个合适的能量守恒定律，并提出了一个更具体的子模型。然后，我们推导出一个新的权衡关系的可测量性的工作提取量和内部系统的一致性，检查应用的半经典的情况下，一个热机转移能量从微观系统的集合到宏观系统。

英文摘要：

There exist two formulations for quantum heat engine that models an energy transfer between two microscopic systems. One is semi-classical scenario, and the other is full quantum scenario. The former is formulated as a unitary evolution for the internal system, and is adopted by the community of statistical mechanics. In the latter, the whole process is formulated as unitary, and is adopted by the community of quantum information. This paper proposes a model for quantum heat engine that transfers energy from a collection of microscopic systems to a macroscopic system like a fuel cell. In such a situation, the amount of extracted work is visible for a human. For this purpose, we formulate quantum heat engine as the measurement process whose measurement outcome is the amount of extracted work. Under this model, we derive a suitable energy conservation law and propose a more concrete submodel. Then, we derive a novel trade-off relation between the measurability of the amount of work extraction and the coherence of the internal system, which examines the application of the semi-classical scenario to a heat engine transferring an energy from a collection of microscopic systems to a macroscopic system.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

↑