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arXiv 1504.05422cond-mat.quant-gas
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准一维玻色气体自由膨胀时的密度涨落

Density fluctuations in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose gas as observed in free expansion

Krzysztof Gawryluk, Mariusz Gajda, Miroslaw Brewczyk

摘要:

本文在经典场近似的框架下,研究了弱相互作用膨胀玻色气体在整个温度范围内的密度关联,得到了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚阈值.我们专注于细长的准一维系统,现有的理论和实验结果之间存在巨大的差异(A。Perrin等人,8,195(2012))。我们发现,密度关联函数是不减少的临界温度以下,因为它是预测的理想气体或弱相互作用系统内的Bogoliubov近似。密度关联的这种行为与上述细长系统的实验一致。虽然该系统是大得多,然后在这里研究,我们相信,密度关联函数的行为发现有相当的通用性。我们的理论研究还表明,在准冷凝制度,只有相位波动的陷阱中的大的密度波动。我们认为,增强的密度波动可以起源于系统中存在的相互作用,或者更准确地说,在热平衡的细长气体中的自发暗孤子的存在。

英文摘要:

We study, within a framework of the classical fields approximation, the density correlations of a weakly interacting expanding Bose gas for the whole range of temperatures across the Bose-Einstein condensation threshold. We focus on elongated quasi-one-dimensional systems where there is a huge discrepancy between the existing theory and experimental results (A. Perrin et al., Nature Phys. 8, 195 (2012)). We find that the density correlation function is not reduced for temperatures below the critical one as it is predicted for the ideal gas or for a weakly interacting system within the Bogoliubov approximation. This behavior of the density correlations agrees with the above mentioned experiment with the elongated system. Although the system was much larger then studied here we believe that the behavior of the density correlation function found there is quite generic. Our theoretical studies indicate also large density fluctuations in the trap in the quasicondensate regime where only phase fluctuations were expected. We argue that the enhanced density fluctuations can originate in the presence of interactions in the system, or more precisely in the existence of spontaneous dark solitons in the elongated gas at thermal equilibrium.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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