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arXiv 1504.02548astro-ph.GA
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麦哲伦星云中CO辐射与尘埃辐射所引起的视消光的关系

The Relationship between CO Emission and Visual Extinction Traced by Dust Emission in the Magellanic Clouds

Cheoljong Lee, Adam K. Leroy, Scott Schnee, Tony Wong, Alberto D. Bolatto, Remy Indebetouw, Monica Rubio

摘要:

为了测试理论上的理解,发现明亮的CO排放主要取决于尘埃屏蔽,我们调查之间的关系CO排放($I_{\rm CO}$)和尘埃量(估计从红外发射和表示为“$A_V$“)在大麦哲伦云,小麦哲伦云,和银河系。我们发现,在我们的共同分辨率为10 pc尺度,$I_{\rm CO}$给定一个固定的视线$A_V$是相似的,尽管在金属丰度的差异在所有三个系统。我们发现了一些证据的二次依赖$I_{\rm CO}$的辐射场,在LMC中,$I_{\rm CO}$在给定的$A_V$是较小的高$T_{\rm dust}$的地区,也许是因为增加了光解辐射场。我们提出了一个简单但有用的图片,其中CO到H的$_2$转换因子(\xco)取决于两个可分离的因素:(1)气柱密度的分布,通过尘埃与气体的比例映射到消光分布;(2)$I_{\rm CO}$对$A_V$的依赖性。假设本地银河系云的概率分布函数(PDF)是普遍的,这种方法预测的依赖性\xco\$Z$之间的$Z^{-1}$和$Z^{-2}$以上约三分之一的太阳金属丰度。低于此金属丰度,CO仅从云的高柱密度部分出现,因此非常敏感地依赖于所采用的PDF和H $_2$ /{ \sc Hi}处方。因此,低金属丰度云的PDF具有相当大的意义,即使在非常低的金属丰度下,与\xco \的理想处方相关的不确定性也很大。

英文摘要:

To test the theoretical understanding that finding bright CO emission depends primarily on dust shielding, we investigate the relationship between CO emission ($I_{\rm CO}$) and the amount of dust (estimated from IR emission and expressed as "$A_V$") across the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, and the Milky Way. We show that at our common resolution of 10 pc scales, $I_{\rm CO}$ given a fixed line-of-sight $A_V$ is similar across all three systems despite the difference in metallicity. We find some evidence for a secondary dependence of $I_{\rm CO}$ on radiation field; in the LMC, $I_{\rm CO}$ at a given $A_V$ is smaller in regions of high $T_{\rm dust}$, perhaps because of an increased photodissociating radiation field. We suggest a simple but useful picture in which the CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor (\xco) depends on two separable factors: (1) the distribution of gas column densities, which maps to an extinction distribution via a dust-to-gas ratio; and (2) the dependence of $I_{\rm CO}$ on $A_V$. Assuming that the probability distribution function (PDF) of local Milky Way clouds is universal, this approach predicts a dependence of \xco\ on $Z$ between $Z^{-1}$ and $Z^{-2}$ above about a third solar metallicity. Below this metallicity, CO emerges from only the high column density parts of the cloud and so depends very sensitively on the adopted PDF and the H$_2$/{\sc Hi} prescription. The PDF of low metallicity clouds is thus of considerable interest and the uncertainty associated with even an ideal prescription for \xco\ at very low metallicity will be large.

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