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arXiv 1504.02541quant-ph
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全量子绝热过程循环非厄米热机

Non-Hermitian heat engine with all-quantum-adiabatic-process cycle

S. Lin, Z. Song

摘要:

量子热机是一种量子器件,它可以用厄米哈密顿量来描述,但由于它是一个开放系统,在量子力学的背景下,只能唯象地引入贮库,而不能进行任何描述。一个非厄米特系统被期望描述一个开放的系统,它与外部储存器交换能量和粒子。相应地,在量子力学的背景下,这种交换可以是绝热的。我们首先通过一个具体的简单二能级系统提出了一个非厄米量子HE,该系统是一个S = 1/2的自旋在一个复杂的外部磁场。非厄米PT对称哈密顿量是一个完备的哈密顿量,它既描述了工作介质,又描述了储层。热机循环由完全量子绝热过程组成。令人惊讶的是,获得的热效率是相同的厄米量子奥托循环。一个经典的类似物,这个计划也提出。我们的发现为揭示非厄米哈密顿量在物理学中的作用铺平了道路。

英文摘要:

As a quantum device, a quantum heat engine (QHE) is described by a Hermitian Hamiltonian.However, since it is an open system, reservoirs have to be imposed phenomenologically without any description in the context of quantum mechanics. A non-Hermitian system is expected to describe an open system which exchanges energy and particles with external reservoirs. Correspondingly,such an exchange can be adiabatic in the context of quantum mechanics. We first propose a non-Hermitian QHE by a concrete simple two-level system, which is an S = 1/2 spin in a complex external magnetic field. The non-Hermitian PT -symmetric Hamiltonian, as a self-contained one,describes both working medium and reservoirs. A heat-engine cycle is composed of completely quantum adiabatic processes. Surprisingly, the heat efficiency is obtained to be the same as that of Hermitian quantum Otto cycle. A classical analogue of this scheme is also presented. Our finding paves the way for revealing what the role of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian plays in physics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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