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arXiv 1503.08745astro-ph.HE
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极端超铝X射线源的性质

Nature of the Extreme Ultraluminous X-ray Sources

Grzegorz Wiktorowicz, Malgorzata Sobolewska, Aleksander Sadowski, Krzysztof Belczynski

摘要:

在这个概念验证研究中,我们证明了在一个二元系统中,质量可以以极高的速率向一个吸积致密物体转移。如果转移的质量被有效地转换为X射线亮度(忽略经典的爱丁顿极限),或者如果X射线被聚焦成窄束,那么双星可以形成极端的ULX源,其X射线亮度Lx>10^42 erg/s。例如,Lasota和King认为已知最亮的ULX(HLX-1)是一个规则的双星系统,有一个相当低质量的紧凑物体(恒星起源的黑洞或中子星)。预测的形成效率和具有非常高的质量传递速率的双星的寿命是足够大的,以解释所有观察到的极端X射线光度系统。这些系统不仅限于具有恒星起源的黑洞吸积器的双星。值得注意的是,我们还发现了具有中子星的这类天体。通常情况下,一个10兆太阳的黑洞由一个巨大的(10兆太阳)赫兹弹簧能隙施主提供能量,罗氏瓣溢出率为10^-3兆太阳/年(2600 MEdd)。对于中子星系统,典型的施主是演化的低质量(2 Msun)氦星,其洛希瓣溢出率为10^-2 Msun/yr。我们的研究并没有证明任何特定的极端ULX是一个规则的双星系统,但它表明任何ULX,包括最明亮的那些,可能是双星生命中的一个短暂阶段。

英文摘要:

In this proof-of-concept study we demonstrate that in a binary system mass can be transferred toward an accreting compact object at extremely high rate. If the transferred mass is efficiently converted to X-ray luminosity (with disregard of the classical Eddington limit) or if the X-rays are focused into a narrow beam then binaries can form extreme ULX sources with the X-ray luminosity of Lx>10^42 erg/s. For example, Lasota & King argued that the brightest known ULX (HLX-1) is a regular binary system with a rather low-mass compact object (a stellar-origin black hole or a neutron star). The predicted formation efficiencies and lifetimes of binaries with the very high mass transfer rates are large enough to explain all observed systems with extreme X-ray luminosities. These systems are not only limited to binaries with stellar-origin black hole accretors. Noteworthy, we have also identified such objects with neutron stars. Typically, a 10 Msun black hole is fed by a massive (10 Msun) Hertzsprung gap donor with Roche lobe overflow rate of 10^-3 Msun/yr (2600 MEdd). For neutron star systems the typical donors are evolved low-mass (2 Msun) helium stars with Roche lobe overflow rate of 10^-2 Msun/yr. Our study does not prove that any particular extreme ULX is a regular binary system, but it demonstrates that any ULX, including the most luminous ones, may potentially be a short-lived phase in the life of a binary star.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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