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arXiv 1503.04218astro-ph.HE
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在BL Lac天体S5 0716+714中内部喷流运动学和宽带通量变化之间的联系

Connection between inner jet kinematics and broadband flux variability in the BL Lac object S5 0716+714

B. Rani, T. P. Krichbaum, A. P. Marscher, J. A. Hodgson, L. Fuhrmann, E. Angelakis, S. Britzen, J. A. Zensus

摘要:

我们提出了一个高频甚长基线干涉(VLBI)的BL Lac对象S5 0716+714在2008年9月至2010年10月的时间段的运动学研究。这项研究的目的是调查的关系,射流运动学观察到的宽带通量变化。我们发现显着的非径向运动的射流流出的源。在径向上,测得的最高视速度是\sim 37 c,这是非常高的,特别是对于BL Lac天体。喷流模式揭示了核心下游0.15 mas处大致静止的特征\sim。对部件轨迹的长期拟合揭示了射流亚质量区的加速度。测得的亮温T_{B}随距离T_B \propto r_{jet} ^{-(2.36 \pm 0.41)}呈连续下降趋势,这表明多普勒因子沿喷流轴有梯度。我们的分析表明,来自喷流底部的移动扰动(或冲击波)在7 mm核心上游产生高能(光学到γ射线)变化,然后在核心中引起爆发。重复出现的光学/γ射线耀斑和相关分量的弯曲轨迹表明,激波阵面沿弯曲轨迹或螺旋路径传播,更尖锐的γ射线耀斑可能与运动扰动通过静止特征有关。我们的分析表明,γ射线和射电发射区具有不同的多普勒因子。

英文摘要:

We present a high-frequency very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) kinematical study of the BL Lac object S5 0716+714 over the time period of September 2008 to October 2010. The aim of the study is to investigate the relation of the jet kinematics to the observed broadband flux variability. We find significant non-radial motions in the jet outflow of the source. In the radial direction, the highest measured apparent speed is \sim37 c, which is exceptionally high, especially for a BL Lac object. Patterns in the jet flow reveal a roughly stationary feature \sim0.15 mas downstream of the core. The long-term fits to the component trajectories reveal acceleration in the sub-mas region of the jet. The measured brightness temperature, T_{B}, follows a continuous trend of decline with distance, T_B \propto r_{jet}^{-(2.36\pm0.41)}, which suggests a gradient in Doppler factor along the jet axis. Our analysis suggest that a moving disturbance (or a shock wave) from the base of the jet produces the high-energy (optical to γ-ray) variations upstream of the 7 mm core, and then later causes an outburst in the core. Repetitive optical/γ-ray flares and the curved trajectories of the associated components suggest that the shock front propagates along a bent trajectory or helical path. Sharper γ-ray flares could be related to the passage of moving disturbances through the stationary feature. Our analysis suggests that the γ-ray and radio emission regions have different Doppler factors.

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