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arXiv 1503.02738cond-mat.other
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超流氦中电子的奇异自陷态

Exotic self-trapped states of an electron in superfluid helium

Veit Elser

摘要:

我们探讨了超流氦中的快速和奇异负离子是电子束缚在量子化涡旋结构上的可能性,最简单的是一个环。在我们考虑的状态下,电子能量仅略低于体氦的导带最小值。为了支持我们的建议,我们提出了两个计算。在第一,我们表明,涡核上的电子压力是不够的空化氦,形成一个电子泡。在第二部分中,我们估计了束缚电子的涡环的平衡半径,发现它比电子泡小得多,约为0.7 nm。实验中报道的许多奇异离子可能是具有更复杂涡旋结构的电子束缚态。

英文摘要:

We explore the possibility that the fast and exotic negative ions in superfluid helium are electrons bound to quantized vortex structures, the simplest being a ring. In the states we consider, the electron energy is only slightly below the conduction band minimum of bulk helium. To support our proposal we present two calculations. In the first, we show that the electron pressure on the vortex core is insufficient to cavitate the helium and form an electron bubble. In the second, we estimate the equilibrium radius of the vortex ring that would bind an electron and find it is much smaller than the electron bubble, about 0.7 nm. The many exotic ions reported in experiments might be bound states of an electron with more complex vortex structures.

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