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arXiv 1503.02069cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.dis-nnhep-th
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一类三维金属的轴向反常和纵向磁电阻

Axial anomaly and longitudinal magnetoresistance of a generic three dimensional metal

Pallab Goswami, J. H. Pixley, S. Das Sarma

摘要:

我们表明,在平行电场($E$)和磁场($B$)存在的情况下,轴向异常的出现是一般三维金属的普遍现象。与经典磁输运理论的预期相反,这种内在的量子力学现象引起了任何三维金属的纵向磁阻。然而,轴向异常的出现并不能保证负纵向磁电阻的存在。我们表明这一点,通过一个明确的计算的纵向磁导率的量子极限使用玻尔兹曼方程,为短程中性和远程离子杂质散射过程。我们证明了在量子极限下,离子散射贡献了一个大的正磁导率$\propto B^2$,它可以导致任何三维或准二维金属的强负磁阻.相反,有限范围中性杂质和零范围点杂质可以导致正和负的纵向磁阻,这取决于底层的能带结构。在中性和离子杂质的存在下,一般金属在量子极限下的纵向磁阻最初变为负值,并在通过最小值后最终变为正值。详细讨论了Weyl半金属TaAs和TaP,Dirac半金属Na $_3$ Bi,Bi $_{1-x}$ Sb $_x$和ZrTe $_5$,以及不具有任何体三维Dirac或Weyl准粒子的准二维金属PdCoO $_2$,$α$ -(BEDT-TTF)$_2$ I $_3$中的负纵向磁电阻的定性一致性.

英文摘要:

We show that the emergence of the axial anomaly is a universal phenomenon for a generic three dimensional metal in the presence of parallel electric ($E$) and magnetic ($B$) fields. In contrast to the expectations of the classical theory of magnetotransport, this intrinsically quantum mechanical phenomenon gives rise to the longitudinal magnetoresistance for any three dimensional metal. However, the emergence of the axial anomaly does not guarantee the existence of negative longitudinal magnetoresistance. We show this through an explicit calculation of the longitudinal magnetoconductivity in the quantum limit using the Boltzmann equation, for both short-range neutral and long-range ionic impurity scattering processes. We demonstrate that the ionic scattering contributes a large positive magnetoconductivity $\propto B^2$ in the quantum limit, which can cause a strong negative magnetoresistance for any three dimensional or quasi-two dimensional metal. In contrast, the finite range neutral impurities and zero range point impurities can lead to both positive and negative longitudinal magnetoresistance depending on the underlying band structure. In the presence of both neutral and ionic impurities, the longitudinal magnetoresistance of a generic metal in the quantum limit initially becomes negative, and ultimately becomes positive after passing through a minimum. We discuss in detail the qualitative agreement between our theory and recent observations of negative longitudinal magnetoresistance in Weyl semimetals TaAs and TaP, Dirac semimetals Na$_3$Bi, Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$, and ZrTe$_5$, and quasi-two dimensional metals PdCoO$_2$, $α$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$ which do not possess any bulk three dimensional Dirac or Weyl quasiparticles.

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