Radar Imaging and Characterization of Binary Near-Earth Asteroid (185851) 2000 DP107
Shantanu P. Naidu, Jean-Luc Margot, Patrick A. Taylor, Michael C. Nolan, Michael W. Busch, Lance A. M. Benner, Marina Brozovic, Jon D. Giorgini, Joseph S. Jao, Chris Magri
备注:
13 pages, 9 figures, Accepted to The Astronomical Journal
潜在危险小行星(185851)2000 DP 107是第一颗被成像的近地小行星。2000年的雷达观测提供了75米分辨率的图像,揭示了双星的形状,轨道和自旋形成机制。这颗小行星在2008年对地球进行了更有利的飞越,产生了30米分辨率的图像。我们使用这些数据来获得两个组件的形状模型,并改善相互轨道,组件质量和自旋周期的估计。主星的恒星自转周期为2.7745 +/- 0.0007 h,大致呈球状,等效直径为863 m +/-5%。它的质量为4.656 +/- 0.43 x 10^11 kg,密度为1381 +/- 244 kg m^{-3}。它有一个类似于(66391)1999 KW 4主星的赤道脊,但这次的赤道脊不那么规则,一侧直径约为300米。伴星的恒星自转周期为1.77 +/- 0.02天,与轨道周期相当。次级线圈略长,总尺寸为377 x 314 x 268 m(不确定性为6%)。其质量为0.178 +/- 0.021 x 10^{11} kg,密度为1047 +/- 230 kg m^{-3}。共同轨道的半长轴为2.659 +/- 0.08公里,偏心率为0.019 +/- 0.01,周期为1.7556 +/- 0.0015天。该系统的归一化总角动量超过了预期的自旋形成机制所需的量。一个可能的解释是,双星形成后,非引力作用导致的角动量增加。这两种成分具有相似的雷达反射率,表明类似的成分与自旋形成一致。二次似乎表现出比一次更大的圆偏振比,这表明在雷达波长尺度下表面或次表面更粗糙。
英文摘要:
Potentially hazardous asteroid (185851) 2000 DP107 was the first binary near-Earth asteroid to be imaged. Radar observations in 2000 provided images at 75 m resolution that revealed the shape, orbit, and spin-up formation mechanism of the binary. The asteroid made a more favorable flyby of the Earth in 2008, yielding images at 30 m resolution. We used these data to obtain shape models for the two components and to improve the estimates of the mutual orbit, component masses, and spin periods. The primary has a sidereal spin period of 2.7745 +/- 0.0007 h and is roughly spheroidal with an equivalent diameter of 863 m +/- 5 %. It has a mass of 4.656 +/- 0.43 x 10^11 kg and a density of 1381 +/- 244 kg m^{-3}. It exhibits an equatorial ridge similar to the (66391) 1999 KW4 primary, however the equatorial ridge in this case is not as regular and has a ~300 m diameter concavity on one side. The secondary has a sidereal spin period of 1.77 +/- 0.02 days commensurate with the orbital period. The secondary is slightly elongated and has overall dimensions of 377 x 314 x 268 m (6 % uncertainties). Its mass is 0.178 +/- 0.021 x 10^{11} kg and its density is 1047 +/- 230 kg m^{-3}. The mutual orbit has a semi-major axis of 2.659 +/- 0.08 km, an eccentricity of 0.019 +/- 0.01, and a period of 1.7556 +/- 0.0015 days. The normalized total angular momentum of this system exceeds the amount required for the expected spin-up formation mechanism. An increase of angular momentum from non-gravitational forces after binary formation is a possible explanation. The two components have similar radar reflectivity, suggesting a similar composition consistent with formation by spin-up. The secondary appears to exhibit a larger circular polarization ratio than the primary, suggesting a rougher surface or subsurface at radar wavelength scales.
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