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arXiv 1503.01309physics.optics
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通过优化表面等离子体激元损耗增强顶部发射有机发光二极管的光发射

Enhanced light emission from top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes by optimizing surface plasmon polariton losses

Cornelius Fuchs, Paul-Anton Will, Martin Wieczorek, Malte C. Gather, Simone Hofmann, Sebastian Reineke, Karl Leo, Reinhard Scholz

摘要:

我们证明了单色顶部发光有机发光二极管(OLED)的增强光提取。与参考样品相比,1.2倍的增强是由于使用具有低折射率(1.52)的空穴传输层(HTL)材料引起的。低折射率降低了在底部不透明金属电极(阳极)和HTL之间的界面处激发的表面等离子体激元(SPP)的平面内波矢量。SPP色散关系的偏移降低了耗散到损失的倏逝波激发中的功率,从而增加了外耦合效率,尽管SPP在强度上保持恒定。所提出的方法是适合于发射极材料拥有各向同性取向的过渡偶极矩以及各向异性,优先水平取向,从而在可比的增强因子。此外,对于HTL材料的足够低的折射率,SPP可以被建模为光学微腔中的其他有机材料内的传播平面波。因此,通过应用进一步的提取方法,例如微透镜或布拉格光栅,获得光提取的甚至更高的增强将变得可行。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate enhanced light extraction for monochrome top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The enhancement by a factor of 1.2 compared to a reference sample is caused by the use of a hole transport layer (HTL) material possessing a low refractive index (1.52). The low refractive index reduces the in-plane wave vector of the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) excited at the interface between the bottom opaque metallic electrode (anode) and the HTL. The shift of the SPP dispersion relation decreases the power dissipated into lost evanescent excitations and thus increases the outcoupling efficiency, although the SPP remains constant in intensity. The proposed method is suitable for emitter materials owning isotropic orientation of the transition dipole moments as well as anisotropic, preferentially horizontal orientation, resulting in comparable enhancement factors. Furthermore, for sufficiently low refractive indices of the HTL material, the SPP can be modeled as a propagating plane wave within other organic materials in the optical microcavity. Thus, by applying further extraction methods, such as micro lenses or Bragg gratings, it would become feasible to obtain even higher enhancements of the light extraction.

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