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arXiv 1502.06001astro-ph.IMastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HEgr-qc
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脉冲星定时阵对单源引力波的探测与定位

Detection and localization of single-source gravitational waves with pulsar timing arrays

Xing-Jiang Zhu, Linqing Wen, George Hobbs, Yilin Zhang, Yan Wang, Dustin R. Madison, Richard N. Manchester, Matthew Kerr, Pablo A. Rosado, Jingbo Wang

摘要:

脉冲星定时阵列(PTA)可用于搜索甚低频($10^{-9}$ Hz)引力波(GW)。在本文中,我们提出了一种通用的方法,使用PTA的单源GW的检测和定位。我们证明了这种新方法的有效性为三种类型的信号:单色波预期从个人超大质量的二进制黑洞在圆形轨道,GWs从偏心双星和GW爆发。我们还测试了它的实现在现实的数据集,包括影响,如不均匀的采样和异构数据跨度和测量精度。结果表明,我们的方法,它在频域中工作,以及出版的时域方法。特别是,我们发现它相当于单色波的$\mathcal{F}_{e}$统计。我们还讨论了空流的建设-数据流,具有空响应GW,和使用空流作为一致性检查的情况下,检测到GW信号的前景。最后,我们提出了个别超大质量双黑洞偏心轨道的敏感性。我们发现,一个单色的搜索,是专为圆形二进制可以有效地检测偏心二进制高和低偏心率,而谐波求和技术提供了更大的灵敏度,只有中等偏心率的二进制。

英文摘要:

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) can be used to search for very low frequency ($10^{-9}$--$10^{-7}$ Hz) gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper we present a general method for the detection and localization of single-source GWs using PTAs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this new method for three types of signals: monochromatic waves as expected from individual supermassive binary black holes in circular orbits, GWs from eccentric binaries and GW bursts. We also test its implementation in realistic data sets that include effects such as uneven sampling and heterogeneous data spans and measurement precision. It is shown that our method, which works in the frequency domain, performs as well as published time-domain methods. In particular, we find it equivalent to the $\mathcal{F}_{e}$-statistic for monochromatic waves. We also discuss the construction of null streams -- data streams that have null response to GWs, and the prospect of using null streams as a consistency check in the case of detected GW signals. Finally, we present sensitivities to individual supermassive binary black holes in eccentric orbits. We find that a monochromatic search that is designed for circular binaries can efficiently detect eccentric binaries with both high and low eccentricities, while a harmonic summing technique provides greater sensitivities only for binaries with moderate eccentricities.

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