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arXiv 1502.04277astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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天体层中的宇宙射线

Cosmic rays in astrospheres

Klaus Scherer, Ausgusts van der Schyff, Dominik Bomans, Stefan Ferreira, Horst Fichtner, Jens Kleimann, Dutoit Strauss, Kerstin Weis, Tobias Wiengarten, Thomas Wodzinski

摘要:

穿过大型天体球的宇宙射线可以在星际介质的这些“空腔”内有效地冷却。此外,这些高能粒子的能量谱已经调制的前的天体球弓激波。我们研究的宇宙射线通量和周围的造父变星作为一个例子的天体层。大规模的等离子体流动的流体动力学模拟与辐射冷却。利用基于随机微分方程的输运模型研究了星风空腔中的宇宙线通量。所需的参数,最重要的是,扩散张量的元素,是基于日光层参数。运动学计算扩散系数所需的磁场。我们讨论了在不同参数的传输系数的天体层的情况下的传输。我们发现,大恒星风腔可以作为银河宇宙线通量的汇,从而可以引起小尺度的各向异性的方向上的观察者。小尺度宇宙线的各向异性可以很自然地用巨大恒星风腔中宇宙线谱的调制来解释。

英文摘要:

Cosmic rays passing through large astrospheres can be efficiently cooled inside these "cavities" in the interstellar medium. Moreover, the energy spectra of these energetic particles are already modulated in front of the astrospherical bow shocks. We study the cosmic ray flux in and around lambda Cephei as an example for an astrosphere. The large-scale plasma flow is modeled hydrodynamically with radiative cooling. We studied the cosmic ray flux in a stellar wind cavity using a transport model based on stochastic differential equations. The required parameters, most importantly, the elements of the diffusion tensor, are based on the heliospheric parameters. The magnetic field required for the diffusion coefficients is calculated kinematically. We discuss the transport in an astrospheric scenario with varying parameters for the transport coefficients. We show that large stellar wind cavities can act as sinks for the galactic cosmic ray flux and thus can give rise to small-scale anisotropies in the direction to the observer. Small-scale cosmic ray anisotropies can naturally be explained by the modulation of cosmic ray spectra in huge stellar wind cavities.

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