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arXiv 1502.03080astro-ph.HEnucl-th
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中子星和混合星与刚性强子EoS的冷却

Cooling of neutron stars and hybrid stars with a stiff hadronic EoS

H. Grigorian, D. Blaschke, D. N. Voskresensky

摘要:

在中子星的“核介质冷却”方案中,所有可靠的已知温度-年龄数据,包括仙后座A和XMMU-J 1732超新星遗迹中的中心致密天体的数据,都可以用一组冷却曲线很好地解释,这些曲线是通过在典型观测质量范围内恒星质量的变化获得的。最近测量到的两颗中子星PSR J 1614 -2230和PSR J 0348 -0432的高质量,以及PSR J 0737 - 3039 B和PSR J 1756 -2251的伴星的低质量,为质量在$\sim 1.2$到2 $M_\odot$之间的中子星的存在提供了独立的证据。$M>2 M_{\odot}$值要求中子星物质有足够刚性的状态方程。我们调查的一组中子星冷却曲线的反应,以硬化的核物质状态方程,使最大质量约$2.4 M_\odot$将是可访问的,并解除限制相变,从这样的硬核物质在外核的彩色超导夸克物质在内核。在不重新调整冷却输入的情况下,覆盖刚性DD 2状态方程的所有冷却数据所需的质量范围应包括用于描述CasA快速冷却的$2.426 M_\odot$的质量,而夸克物质核的存在加速了冷却,因此CasA冷却数据用质量为$1.674 M_\odot$的混合星来描述。

英文摘要:

Within the "nuclear medium cooling" scenario of neutron stars all reliably known temperature - age data, including those of the central compact objects in the supernova remnants of Cassiopeia A and XMMU-J1732, can be comfortably explained by a set of cooling curves obtained by variation of the star mass within the range of typical observed masses. The recent measurements of the high masses of the pulsars PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0348-0432 on the one hand, and of the low masses for PSR J0737-3039B and the companion of PSR J1756-2251 on the other, provide independent proof for the existence of neutron stars with masses in a broad range from $\sim 1.2$ to 2 $M_\odot$. The values $M>2 M_{\odot}$ call for sufficiently stiff equations of state for neutron star matter. We investigate the response of the set of neutron star cooling curves to a stiffening of the nuclear equation of state so that maximum masses of about $2.4 M_\odot$ would be accessible and to a deconfinement phase transition from such stiff nuclear matter in the outer core to color superconducting quark matter in the inner core. Without readjustment of cooling inputs the mass range required to cover all cooling data for the stiff DD2 equation of state should include masses of $2.426 M_\odot$ for describing the fast cooling of CasA while the existence of a quark matter core accelerates the cooling so that CasA cooling data are described with a hybrid star of mass $1.674 M_\odot$.

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