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arXiv 1502.01897physics.flu-dyn
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模型剪切流中的直接和噪声转捩

Direct and noisy transitions in a model shear flow

Marina Pausch, Bruno Eckhardt

摘要:

在层流剖面线性稳定的流动中,向湍流的转变需要有限振幅的扰动。“最优”扰动被区分为某些泛函的极值,不同的泛函给出不同的最优解。在这里,我们讨论的相空间结构的2-D简化模型的过渡到湍流和讨论最佳扰动的三个标准:能量的初始条件,能量耗散的初始条件和振幅的噪声在随机过渡。我们发现,在这三种情况下,触发转变的状态是不同的,但表现出相同的缩放与雷诺数。

英文摘要:

The transition to turbulence in flows where the laminar profile is linearly stable requires perturbations of finite amplitude. "Optimal" perturbations are distinguished as extrema of certain functionals, and different functionals give different optima. We here discuss the phase space structure of a 2-d simplified model of the transition to turbulence and discuss optimal perturbations with respect to three criteria: energy of the initial condition, energy dissipation of the initial condition and amplitude of noise in a stochastic transition. We find that the states that trigger the transition are different in the three cases, but show the same scaling with Reynolds number.

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