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arXiv 0911.3264physics.flu-dyn
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剪切流中布朗粒子的动力学行为

Dynamics of a trapped Brownian particle in shear flows

Lukas Holzer, Jochen Bammert, Roland Rzehak, Walter Zimmermann

摘要:

本文研究了简谐势场中粒子的布朗运动,该势同时受到线性剪切流和平面Poiffille流的作用。在剪切平面的两个流的粒子的概率分布变得各向异性和动态变化的特征相比,在一个静态的流体中的被困粒子的方式。颗粒分布采取椭圆形或降落伞形状或两者的叠加,这取决于剪切平面中的平均颗粒位置。同时,在剪切平面内沿正交方向的颗粒涨落之间存在剪切诱导的互相关,它们在时间上是不对称的。在Poiffille流中,垂直于剪切平面中的流动方向的热粒子波动引起粒子的平均位置远离潜在最小值的移位。两个互补的方法,建议测量沿正交方向的粒子波动之间的剪切引起的互相关。

英文摘要:

The Brownian motion of a particle in a harmonic potential, which is simultaneously exposed either to a linear shear flow or to a plane Poiseuille flow is investigated. In the shear plane of both flows the probability distribution of the particle becomes anisotropic and the dynamics is changed in a characteristic manner compared to a trapped particle in a quiescent fluid. The particle distribution takes either an elliptical or a parachute shape or a superposition of both depending on the mean particle position in the shear plane. Simultaneously, shear-induced cross-correlations between particle fluctuations along orthogonal directions in the shear plane are found. They are asymmetric in time. In Poiseuille flow thermal particle fluctuations perpendicular to the flow direction in the shear plane induce a shift of the particle's mean position away from the potential minimum. Two complementary methods are suggested to measure shear-induced cross-correlations between particle fluctuations along orthogonal directions.

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