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arXiv 1502.01714math-phhep-thmath.MP
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单粒子可积量子场论中的负能量密度

Negative energy densities in integrable quantum field theories at one-particle level

Henning Bostelmann, Daniela Cadamuro

摘要:

研究了自相互作用下量子场论中的负能量密度现象。具体地说,我们考虑一类可积模型(包括sinh-Gordon模型),在其中我们研究了单粒子态的能量密度的期望值。在这种情况下,我们从第一性原理分类的应力-能量张量的可能形式。我们证明了具有负能量密度的单粒子态一般存在于非自由的情况下,我们建立了能量密度的下界(量子能量不等式)。要求这些不等式成立,减少了应力-能量张量的模糊性,在某些情况下,唯一地固定它。能量密度的最低谱值的数值结果使我们能够演示如何负能量密度依赖于耦合常数和其他模型参数。

英文摘要:

We study the phenomenon of negative energy densities in quantum field theories with self-interaction. Specifically, we consider a class of integrable models (including the sinh-Gordon model) in which we investigate the expectation value of the energy density in one-particle states. In this situation, we classify the possible form of the stress-energy tensor from first principles. We show that one-particle states with negative energy density generically exist in non-free situations, and we establish lower bounds for the energy density (quantum energy inequalities). Demanding that these inequalities hold reduces the ambiguity in the stress-energy tensor, in some situations fixing it uniquely. Numerical results for the lowest spectral value of the energy density allow us to demonstrate how negative energy densities depend on the coupling constant and on other model parameters.

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