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arXiv 1501.03413cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.supr-con
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超导导线中$π$相绕组结的拓扑学

Topological aspects of $π$ phase winding junctions in superconducting wires

Christian Spånslätt, Eddy Ardonne, Jan Carl Budich, Thors Hans Hansson

摘要:

我们在不同的邻近感应一维超导体模型中理论研究了相移为$π$的约瑟夫森结。拓扑超导体的显著实验特征之一,即分数化的$4 π$周期性约瑟夫森效应,与这种结中特征零能量束缚态的发生密切相关。我们做了一个更一般的类型的$π$ -结创造“相绕组”的交界处的序参量的相位旋转一个角度$π$,而其绝对值是有限的详细分析。这样的结具有不同的性质,也从拓扑学的观点来看,并且没有受保护的零能量模式。我们比较拓扑($p$ -波)和平凡($s$ -波)超导导线中的这种结的现象,并简要讨论可能的实验探针。此外,我们提出了一个拓扑场论,给出了一个最小的描述与缺陷对应的$π$结的导线。这个有效理论是描述二维拓扑超导体半涡旋中马约拉纳束缚态的类似理论的一维版本。

英文摘要:

We theoretically investigate Josephson junctions with a phase shift of $π$ in various proximity induced one-dimensional superconductor models. One of the salient experimental signatures of topological superconductors, namely the fractionalized $4 π$ periodic Josephson effect, is closely related to the occurrence of a characteristic zero energy bound state in such junctions. We make a detailed analysis of a more general type of $π$-junctions coined "phase winding" junctions where the phase of the order parameter rotates by an angle $π$ while its absolute value is kept finite. Such junctions have different properties, also from a topological viewpoint, and there are no protected zero energy modes. We compare the phenomenology of such junctions in topological ($p$-wave) and trivial ($s$-wave) superconducting wires, and briefly discuss possible experimental probes. Furthermore, we propose a topological field theory that gives a minimal description of a wire with defects corresponding to $π$-junctions. This effective theory is a one-dimensional version of similar theories describing Majorana bound states in half-vortices of two-dimensional topological superconductors.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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