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arXiv 1412.2134astro-ph.GA
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轴对称星系中恒星轨道的分类

Classification of Stellar Orbits in Axisymmetric Galaxies

Baile Li, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann, Fazeel Khan

摘要:

众所周知,两个超大质量黑洞(SMBH)不能在哈勃时间内合并成一个球形星系;一个新兴的图片是,星系的几何形状,旋转和大的潜在扰动可能会引导SMBH通过临界三体散射阶段,并最终驱动SMBH合并。我们探讨了一个轻度扁平,非旋转,SMBH嵌入椭圆星系的N体模型内的轨道内容。当用作SMBH双星合并研究的基础时,黑洞绕过了在球形星系中经常看到的双星失速,并在Gyr时间尺度上合并(Khan et al. 2013)。使用频率映射和角动量的标准,我们确定了丰富的共振轨道的轴对称模型,包括飞碟,这是不存在的,否则相同的球形系统,并可能与二进制相互作用。我们量化了SMBH双星可能散射的轨道集,发现轴对称模型包含的这些潜在损失锥轨道的数量是我们等效的球形模型的近7倍。在这个扁平的模型中,这些轨道的质量大约是SMBH的3倍,这与SMBH双星需要散射到引力波状态是一致的。

英文摘要:

It is known that two supermassive black holes (SMBHs) cannot merge in a spherical galaxy within a Hubble time; an emerging picture is that galaxy geometry, rotation, and large potential perturbations may usher the SMBH binary through the critical three-body scattering phase and ultimately drive the SMBH to coalesce. We explore the orbital content within an N-body model of a mildly- flattened, non-rotating, SMBH-embedded elliptical galaxy. When used as the foundation for a study on the SMBH binary coalescence, the black holes bypassed the binary stalling often seen within spherical galaxies and merged on Gyr timescales (Khan et al. 2013). Using both frequency-mapping and angular momentum criteria, we identify a wealth of resonant orbits in the axisymmetric model, including saucers, that are absent from an otherwise identical spherical system and that can potentially interact with the binary. We quantified the set of orbits that could be scattered by the SMBH binary, and found that the axisymmetric model contained nearly seven times the number of these potential loss cone orbits compared to our equivalent spherical model. In this flattened model, the mass of these orbits is roughly 3 times of that of the SMBH, which is consistent with what the SMBH binary needs to scatter to transition into the gravitational wave regime.

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