用于天基实时伽马射线暴探测的科学触发单元，I -科学软件模型和模拟
A Scientific Trigger Unit for Space-Based Real-Time Gamma Ray Burst Detection, I - Scientific Software Model and Simulations
摘要：
星载科学触发装置（UTS）的设计目的是利用ECLAIR照相机产生的数据实时探测伽马射线暴，预计该照相机将装备未来的法国-中国卫星飞行任务SVOM（天基可变物体监测器）。UTS产生GRB警报，发送到地面进行GRB后续观测，并要求航天器将其窄场仪器重新指向GRB余辉。由于GRB在持续时间和变化性方面的多样性，在UTS中实现了两个同时运行的GRB触发算法，所谓的图像触发在20 s以上的时间尺度上执行系统的天空图像重建，以及计数率触发，选择从10 ms到20 s的时间尺度，显示超过背景估计的计数率，然后对天空上的过量进行成像以进行定位。本文介绍了两种触发算法及其在库中的实现，编译的科学软件模型（SSM）运行在标准的Linux机器上，也可以交叉编译的数据处理模型（DTS），以便有相同的算法在两个平台上运行。虽然该工具允许验证硬件概念和基准的算法（见文件II），SSM允许优化算法和估计的ECLAIRs/UTS的GRB闪烁率。给出了在SSM上运行基于BATSE GRB星表的动态逐光子模拟的结果。
英文摘要：
The on-board Scientific Trigger Unit (UTS) is designed to detect Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) in real-time, using the data produced by the ECLAIRs camera, foreseen to equip the future French-Chinese satellite mission SVOM (Space-based Variable Objects Monitor). The UTS produces GRB alerts, sent to the ground for GRB follow-up observations, and requests the spacecraft slew to repoint its narrow field instruments onto the GRB afterglow. Because of the diversity of GRBs in duration and variability, two simultaneously running GRB trigger algorithms are implemented in the UTS, the so called Image Trigger performing systematic sky image reconstruction on time scales above 20 s, and the Count-Rate Trigger, selecting a time scale from 10 ms to 20 s showing an excess in count-rate over background estimate, prior to imaging the excess for localization on the sky. This paper describes both trigger algorithms and their implementation in a library, compiled for the Scientific Software Model (SSM) running on standard Linux machines, and which can also be cross-compiled for the Data Processing Model (DPM), in order to have the same algorithms running on both platforms. While the DPM permits to validate the hardware concept and benchmark the algorithms (see paper II), the SSM allows to optimize the algorithms and estimate the GRB trigger-rate of ECLAIRs/UTS. The result of running on the SSM a dynamic photon by photon simulation based on the BATSE GRB catalog is presented.
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