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arXiv 1104.5552astro-ph.HEastro-ph.IMgr-qc
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双星中子星合并的光学和引力波辐射的最佳搜索策略

Toward an optimal search strategy of optical and gravitational wave emissions from binary neutron star coalescence

D. M. Coward, B. Gendre, P. J. Sutton, E. J. Howell, T. Regimbau, M. Laas-Bourez, A. Klotz, M. Boer, M. Branchesi

摘要:

观测一个与从双星中子星合并中探测到的引力波发射相一致的光源,将提高探测的可信度,提供宿主星系的定位,并测试短伽马射线暴的祖先模型。我们采用光学观测的三个短伽马射线暴,050724,050709,051221,估计探测率的协调光学和引力波搜索的中子星合并。模型R-波段光学余辉光曲线的这些突发,包括一个喷气休息外推这些源的灵敏度地平线上的先进LIGO/处女座网络。利用TAROT(m=18)、Zadko(m=21)和一台(8-10)米级望远镜(m=26)的光学灵敏度极限,我们对探测率和成像的节奏时间进行了近似计算。我们发现三个爆发的平均同时检测率为4年^{-1}。类似GRB 050724的爆发,具有大开喷流角,提供了最乐观的每年13次重合探测率^{-1},并且在触发后最多5天内可以被扎德科探测到。晚时间成像m=26可以检测离轴余辉GRB 051221像爆发几个月后的触发。对于光束角度的广泛分布,识别由引力波探测器触发的光学发射的最佳策略是使用机器人望远镜进行快速响应搜索,然后在触发后的几天内没有检测到余辉的情况下进行更深的成像。

英文摘要:

Observations of an optical source coincident with gravitational wave emission detected from a binary neutron star coalescence will improve the confidence of detection, provide host galaxy localisation, and test models for the progenitors of short gamma ray bursts. We employ optical observations of three short gamma ray bursts, 050724, 050709, 051221, to estimate the detection rate of a coordinated optical and gravitational wave search of neutron star mergers. Model R-band optical afterglow light curves of these bursts that include a jet-break are extrapolated for these sources at the sensitivity horizon of an Advanced LIGO/Virgo network. Using optical sensitivity limits of three telescopes, namely TAROT (m=18), Zadko (m=21) and an (8-10) meter class telescope (m=26), we approximate detection rates and cadence times for imaging. We find a median coincident detection rate of 4 yr^{-1} for the three bursts. GRB 050724 like bursts, with wide opening jet angles, offer the most optimistic rate of 13 coincident detections yr^{-1}, and would be detectable by Zadko up to five days after the trigger. Late time imaging to m=26 could detect off-axis afterglows for GRB 051221 like bursts several months after the trigger. For a broad distribution of beaming angles, the optimal strategy for identifying the optical emissions triggered by gravitational wave detectors is rapid response searches with robotic telescopes followed by deeper imaging at later times if an afterglow is not detected within several days of the trigger.

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