arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1409.3799physics.soc-phcs.SIecon.GNq-fin.EC
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国际贸易网络:多网络视角

The World Trade Web: A Multiple-Network Perspective

IMT Institute for Advanced Studies Lucca(卢卡高等研究院)

Paolo Sgrignoli

AI总结:

本文从多网络视角研究国际贸易与国际移民、对外直接投资的关系,揭示其相互作用及经济影响。

摘要:

国际贸易(IT)在当今经济中起着基础性作用:通过连接世界各国的生产与消费过程,它极大地塑造了各国的经济和发展路径。尽管文献中广泛分析了其演变结构和决定因素,但对其与其他复杂现象相互作用的理解却较少。本文旨在此方向研究IT与国际移民(IM)和对外直接投资(FDI)的关系。在两种情况下,采用多网络视角进行分析,并通过专门的计量经济学技术深入研究。对于国际移民,强调了IT与之的一般正相关性,并识别出某些产品类别中这种效应更强,并与先前分类交叉验证。接着,运用空间计量经济学技术,并提出基于最活跃的国际移民流量定义国家邻居的新方法,研究直接/间接网络效应,并发现特定产品类别中第三国移民的竞争效应更强。在对外直接投资方面,首先识别了两个网络之间的相关性,突显它们主要由国家经济/人口规模和地理距离解释。然后,使用 Heckman 选择模型与引力方程,研究距离、全球供应链位置和区域贸易协定的存在等非线性成分。最后,展示了IT与FDI相关性随行业变化:在制造业中为互补,在服务业中为替代。

英文摘要:

International Trade (IT) plays a fundamental role in today's economy: by connecting world countries production and consumption processes, it radically contributes in shaping their economy and development path. Although its evolving structure and determinants have been widely analyzed in the literature, much less has been done to understand its interplay with other complex phenomena. The aim of this work is, precisely in this direction, to study the relations of IT with International Migration (IM) and Foreign Direct Investments (FDI). In both cases the procedure used is to first approach the problem in a multiple-networks perspective and than deepen the analysis by using ad hoc econometrics techniques. With respect to IM, a general positive correlation with IT is highlighted and product categories for which this effect is stronger are identified and cross-checked with previous classifications. Next, employing spatial econometric techniques and proposing a new way to define country neighbors based on the most intense IM flows, direct/indirect network effects are studied and a stronger competitive effect of third country migrants is identified for a specific product class. In the case of FDI, first correlations between the two networks are identified, highlighting how they can be mostly explained by countries economic/demographic size and geographical distance. Then, using the Heckman selection model with a gravity equation, (non-linear) components arising from distance, position in the Global Supply Chain and presence of Regional Trade Agreements are studied. Finally, it is shown how IT and FDI correlation changes with sectors: they are complements in manufacturing, but substitutes in services.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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