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arXiv 1408.4941astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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辐射压力限制- IV。应用于宽吸收线流出

Radiation pressure confinement - IV. Application to broad absorption line outflows

Alexei Baskin, Ari Laor, Jonathan Stern

摘要:

一小部分类星体呈现出宽吸收线,由外流气体产生,典型速度为3000 - 10,000 km/s。如果流出的气体充满了它所处的体积的很大一部分,那么由于其密度低,它将被类星体高度电离,并且不会产生所观察到的紫外线吸收。最近的观测排除了外流被电离辐射屏蔽的建议。剩余的溶液是具有填充因子$f<10^{-3}$的致密流出物。是什么产生了这么小的$f$?在这里,我们指出,辐射压力约束(RPC)不可避免地导致气体压缩和形成致密的薄气片/细丝,沿视线的密度和电离的大梯度。电离无尘气体的总柱数是$10^{22}$ cm $^{-2}$的几倍,与观测到的X射线吸收和可探测到的P V吸收一致。预测的各种离子的最大柱显示出对系统参数的小的依赖性,并且可以用于测试RPC作为过电离问题的解决方案的有效性。外流的电离结构意味着,如果外流是辐射驱动的,那么宽吸收线类星体应该有$L/L_{\rm Edd} \gtrsim 0.1$。

英文摘要:

A fraction of quasars present broad absorption lines, produced by outflowing gas with typical velocities of 3000 - 10,000 km/s. If the outflowing gas fills a significant fraction of the volume where it resides, then it will be highly ionized by the quasar due to its low density, and will not produce the observed UV absorption. The suggestion that the outflow is shielded from the ionizing radiation was excluded by recent observations. The remaining solution is a dense outflow with a filling factor $f<10^{-3}$. What produces such a small $f$? Here we point out that radiation pressure confinement (RPC) inevitably leads to gas compression and the formation of dense thin gas sheets/filaments, with a large gradient in density and ionization along the line of sight. The total column of ionized dustless gas is a few times $10^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$, consistent with the observed X-ray absorption and detectable P V absorption. The predicted maximal columns of various ions show a small dependence on the system parameters, and can be used to test the validity of RPC as a solution for the overionization problem. The ionization structure of the outflow implies that if the outflow is radiatively driven, then broad absorption line quasars should have $L/L_{\rm Edd} \gtrsim 0.1$.

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