在替代能源存在的情况下为多个用户提供智能电表隐私
Smart Meter Privacy for Multiple Users in the Presence of an Alternative Energy Source
摘要：
智能电表（SM）几乎实时地测量并向公用事业提供商（UP）报告用户的能源消耗，与模拟电表相比，能够更详细地描述消费者的能源消耗。这种信息流到UP的速度的增加，连同其许多潜在的好处，引起了关于用户隐私的重要关注。这项工作调查，从信息理论的角度来看，隐私，可以实现在一个多用户SM系统中存在的替代能源（AES）。为了测量隐私，我们使用用户的真实能量消耗简档与UP可用的SM读数之间的互信息率。我们的目标是表征的\textit{privacy-power function}，定义为最小的信息泄漏率，可以得到一个平均功率受限的AES。当用户的能量需求被假设为独立同分布时，我们以单字母的形式描述了隐私功率函数。此外，对于二进制和指数分布的能源需求，我们提供了一个明确的特征的隐私功率函数。对于任何离散的能源需求，我们证明了隐私权函数总是可以有效地进行数值计算。最后，对于连续的能源需求，我们推导出一个显式的下界的隐私功率函数，这是紧指数分布的负载。
英文摘要：
Smart meters (SMs) measure and report users' energy consumption to the utility provider (UP) in almost real-time, providing a much more detailed depiction of the consumer's energy consumption compared to their analog counterparts. This increased rate of information flow to the UP, together with its many potential benefits, raise important concerns regarding user privacy. This work investigates, from an information theoretic perspective, the privacy that can be achieved in a multi-user SM system in the presence of an alternative energy source (AES). To measure privacy, we use the mutual information rate between the users' real energy consumption profile and the SM readings that are available to the UP. The objective is to characterize the \textit{privacy-power function}, defined as the minimal information leakage rate that can be obtained with an average power limited AES. We characterize the privacy-power function in a single-letter form when the users' energy demands are assumed to be independent and identically distributed over time. Moreover, for binary and exponentially distributed energy demands, we provide an explicit characterization of the privacy-power function. For any discrete energy demands, we demonstrate that the privacy-power function can always be efficiently evaluated numerically. Finally, for continuous energy demands, we derive an explicit lower-bound on the privacy-power function, which is tight for exponentially distributed loads.
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