无线蜂窝技术能为即将到来的智能流量计量做些什么？
What Can Wireless Cellular Technologies Do about the Upcoming Smart Metering Traffic?
摘要：
具有蜂窝无线电接口的智能电表的引入给无线蜂窝网络带来了额外的负载。目前，这些仪表设计用于低占空比计费和偶尔的系统检查，这会产生低速率的零星流量。随着分布式能源数量的增加，家庭电力将变得更加多变，因此从配电系统运营商（DSO）的角度来看是不可预测的。因此，预计在不久的将来，在配电网中具有增加数量的具有类似相量测量单元（PMU）的能力的广域测量系统（WAMS）设备，从而允许公用事业监测低压电网质量，同时提供更严格的电网控制所需的信息。从通信的角度来看，流量概况将朝着更高的数据量和每设备更高的速率急剧变化。在本文中，我们描述了智能电表产生的当前流量，并补充了引入增强型智能电表所带来的潜在流量需求，即，具有类似PMU功能的仪表。我们的研究显示了GSM/GPRS和LTE蜂窝系统的性能如何与当前和下一代智能电表流量，其中可以清楚地看到，PMU数据将严重挑战这些无线系统。最后，我们强调了升级蜂窝标准的可能解决方案，以应对即将到来的智能计量流量。
英文摘要：
The introduction of smart electricity meters with cellular radio interface puts an additional load on the wireless cellular networks. Currently, these meters are designed for low duty cycle billing and occasional system check, which generates a low-rate sporadic traffic. As the number of distributed energy resources increases, the household power will become more variable and thus unpredictable from the viewpoint of the Distribution System Operator (DSO). It is therefore expected, in the near future, to have an increased number of Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) devices with Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)-like capabilities in the distribution grid, thus allowing the utilities to monitor the low voltage grid quality while providing information required for tighter grid control. From a communication standpoint, the traffic profile will change drastically towards higher data volumes and higher rates per device. In this paper, we characterize the current traffic generated by smart electricity meters and supplement it with the potential traffic requirements brought by introducing enhanced Smart Meters, i.e., meters with PMU-like capabilities. Our study shows how GSM/GPRS and LTE cellular system performance behaves with the current and next generation smart meters traffic, where it is clearly seen that the PMU data will seriously challenge these wireless systems. We conclude by highlighting the possible solutions for upgrading the cellular standards, in order to cope with the upcoming smart metering traffic.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
