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arXiv 1407.4473astro-ph.GA
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星际介质II的表面化学。随机温度波动尘埃上$\mathrm{H}_2$的形成

Surface chemistry in the Interstellar Medium II. $\mathrm{H}_2$ formation on dust with random temperature fluctuations

Emeric Bron, Jacques Le Bourlot, Franck Le Petit

摘要:

已知颗粒上的$\mathrm{H}_2$形成对灰尘温度敏感,灰尘温度也已知由于光子吸收而对小颗粒尺寸波动。我们的目标是探索的尘埃温度和吸附的H-原子人口的同时波动的后果的$\mathrm{H}_2$形成率在整个范围内的天体物理相关的紫外线强度和气体条件。主方程的方法被推广到耦合波动的粮食的温度和它的表面人口和数值求解。在Eley-Rideal机制的情况下,可以简化分辨率,从而允许快速计算。对于Langmuir-Hinshelwood机制,它仍然是计算昂贵的,和准确的近似构造。我们发现朗缪尔-欣谢尔伍德机制成为一个有效的形成机制,在未屏蔽的光子占主导地位的区域(PDR)的边缘条件时,考虑到这些波动,尽管热的平均尘埃温度。它达到了与Eley-Rideal机制相当的重要性。然而,我们表明,一个更简单的速率方程的处理给出了定性正确的观测结果,在最天体物理相关的条件下,在全云模拟。典型的差异是$\mathrm{H}_2$ $v=0$谱线强度的2-3倍。我们还发现,罕见的云核波动足以显着降低形成效率。我们的详细分析证实,在解释观测时,数值模式中使用的通常近似是足够的,但是如果对表面过程的细节感兴趣,则需要更复杂的统计分析。

英文摘要:

The $\mathrm{H}_2$ formation on grains is known to be sensitive to dust temperature, which is also known to fluctuate for small grain sizes due to photon absorption. We aim at exploring the consequences of simultaneous fluctuations of the dust temperature and the adsorbed H-atom population on the $\mathrm{H}_2$ formation rate under the full range of astrophysically relevant UV intensities and gas conditions. The master equation approach is generalized to coupled fluctuations in both the grain's temperature and its surface population and solved numerically. The resolution can be simplified in the case of the Eley-Rideal mechanism, allowing a fast computation. For the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, it remains computationally expensive, and accurate approximations are constructed. We find the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism to become an efficient formation mechanism in unshielded photon dominated region (PDR) edge conditions when taking those fluctuations into account, despite hot average dust temperatures. It reaches an importance comparable to the Eley-Rideal mechanism. However, we show that a simpler rate equation treatment gives qualitatively correct observable results in full cloud simulations under most astrophysically relevant conditions. Typical differences are a factor of 2-3 on the intensities of the $\mathrm{H}_2$ $v=0$ lines. We also find that rare fluctuations in cloud cores are sufficient to significantly reduce the formation efficiency. Our detailed analysis confirms that the usual approximations used in numerical models are adequate when interpreting observations, but a more sophisticated statistical analysis is required if one is interested in the details of surface processes.

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