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arXiv 1407.4161astro-ph.IM
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一种直接对多恒星系系外行星成像方法的模拟

Simulation of a method to directly image exoplanets around multiple stars systems

Sandrine J. Thomas, Ruslan Belikov, Eduardo Bendek

摘要:

太阳系外行星的直接成像现在已经成为现实,特别是随着第一代专业地面仪器的部署和调试,如GPI,SPHERE,P1640和SCExAO。这些系统将允许探测比其主星暗1 e7倍的行星。对于空间任务,如EXCEDE,EXO-C,EXO-S,WFIRST-AFTA,不同的团队已经在实验室中展示了对比度达到1 e-10,在恒星的几个衍射极限内,使用日冕仪来抑制来自主星的光和波前控制系统的组合。这些演示使用变形镜(DM)来消除望远镜缺陷产生的残余星光(斑点)。然而,所有这些当前和未来的系统都专注于探测单个主星周围的微弱行星或未解决的双星/多星,而几个目标或行星候选者位于附近的双星周围,如我们的邻居恒星半人马座阿尔法星。到目前为止,人们一直认为用现有技术消除伴星的光是不可能的,将双星系统排除在直接成像任务的目标列表之外。在双星或多星系统周围直接成像的对比度水平允许类地行星探测是具有挑战性的,因为感兴趣的区域,其中暗区是必不可少的,被来自主恒星的伴星的光污染。我们提出了一种方法来同时校正来自目标星的光的像差和光的衍射。这种方法利用混叠效应,即使伴星在DM的控制区域之外(超过其半奈奎斯特频率)也有效。

英文摘要:

Direct imaging of extra-solar planets has now become a reality, especially with the deployment and commissioning of the first generation of specialized ground-based instruments such as the GPI, SPHERE, P1640 and SCExAO. These systems will allow detection of planets 1e7 times fainter than their host star. For space-based missions, such as EXCEDE, EXO-C, EXO-S, WFIRST-AFTA, different teams have shown in laboratories contrasts reaching 1e-10 within a few diffraction limits from the star using a combination of a coronagraph to suppress light coming from the host star and a wavefront control system. These demonstrations use a deformable mirror (DM) to remove residual starlight (speckles) created by the imperfections of telescope. However, all these current and future systems focus on detecting faint planets around a single host star or unresolved binaries/multiples, while several targets or planet candidates are located around nearby binary stars such as our neighbor star Alpha Centauri. Until now, it has been thought that removing the light of a companion star is impossible with the current technology, excluding binary star systems from target lists of direct imaging missions. Direct imaging around binaries or multiples systems at a level of contrast allowing Earth-like planets detection is challenging because the region of interest, where a dark zone is essential, is contaminated by the light coming from the host star's companion. We propose a method to simultaneously correct aberration sand diffraction of light coming from the target star. This method works even if the companion star is outside the control region of the DM (beyond its half-Nyquist frequency), by taking advantage of aliasing effects.

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