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arXiv 2302.07939astro-ph.EPastro-ph.IMastro-ph.SR
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冷的直接成像系外行星51 Eri b的反演研究

Retrieval study of cool, directly imaged exoplanet 51 Eri b

Niall Whiteford, Alistair Glasse, Katy L. Chubb, Daniel Kitzmann, Shrishmoy Ray, Mark W. Phillips, Beth A. Biller, Paul I. Palmer, Ken Rice, Ingo P. Waldmann, Q… 展开作者

Niall Whiteford, Alistair Glasse, Katy L. Chubb, Daniel Kitzmann, Shrishmoy Ray, Mark W. Phillips, Beth A. Biller, Paul I. Palmer, Ken Rice, Ingo P. Waldmann, Quentin Changeat, Nour Skaf, Jason Wang, Billy Edwards, Ahmed Al-Refaie

AI总结:

本研究改造TauREx3以反演直接成像亚恒星大气,经GJ 570D验证后首次对51 Eri b进行自由化学反演,发现2.7σ氨信号并揭示模型与数据选择会影响结论。

摘要:

反演方法是一种强大的分析技术,用于通过估计在正向模型中结合起来以最佳拟合观测光谱的整体物理和化学性质来建模系外行星大气,而且它们正越来越多地应用于直接成像系外行星的观测。我们改造了贝叶斯反演套件TauREx3,用于分析来自直接成像气态巨系外行星和褐矮星的近红外分光光度测量数据。我们通过给出褐矮星基准GJ 570D的结果来证明TauREx3对亚恒星大气的适用性,这些结果与先前的反演研究一致,同时也展示了与碱金属线存在相关的系统偏差。我们还利用来自GPI和SPHERE的光谱观测,给出了冷系外行星51 Eri b的结果,这是对该天体首次应用自由化学反演分析。虽然我们的反演分析能够在不采用云层消光的情况下解释光谱和光度观测,但我们得出结论,这可能是采用能够模拟云层存在的灵活温度-压力廓线的结果。我们给出了在2.7σ置信度下检测到氨的贝叶斯证据,这是系外行星大气中存在氨的首个迹象。这与该分子存在于相似光谱类型褐矮星中的情况一致。我们就反演得到的分子丰度展示了51 Eri b与GJ 570D之间的化学相似性。最后,我们表明,在采用不同光谱数据和建模组件(例如温度-压力结构和云层结构)时,关于51 Eri b的总体反演结论可能会发生变化。

英文摘要:

Retrieval methods are a powerful analysis technique for modelling exoplanetary atmospheres by estimating the bulk physical and chemical properties that combine in a forward model to best-fit an observed spectrum, and they are increasingly being applied to observations of directly-imaged exoplanets. We have adapted TauREx3, the Bayesian retrieval suite, for the analysis of near-infrared spectrophotometry from directly-imaged gas giant exoplanets and brown dwarfs. We demonstrate TauREx3's applicability to sub-stellar atmospheres by presenting results for brown dwarf benchmark GJ 570D which are consistent with previous retrieval studies, whilst also exhibiting systematic biases associated with the presence of alkali lines. We also present results for the cool exoplanet 51 Eri b, the first application of a free chemistry retrieval analysis to this object, using spectroscopic observations from GPI and SPHERE. While our retrieval analysis is able to explain spectroscopic and photometric observations without employing cloud extinction, we conclude this may be a result of employing a flexible temperature-pressure profile which is able to mimic the presence of clouds. We present Bayesian evidence for an ammonia detection with a 2.7$σ$ confidence, the first indication of ammonia in an exoplanetary atmosphere. This is consistent with this molecule being present in brown dwarfs of a similar spectral type. We demonstrate the chemical similarities between 51 Eri b and GJ 570D in relation to their retrieved molecular abundances. Finally, we show that overall retrieval conclusions for 51 Eri b can vary when employing different spectral data and modelling components, such as temperature-pressure and cloud structures.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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